A Patient’s Guide to Misoprostol

Names of Medication

Brand Name: Cytotec (Misoprostol)

Pharmacologic Category

Misoprostol falls under the category of Prostaglandins. Other medications in this category include Dinoprostone (Cervidil, Prepidil, Prostin E2) and Alprostadil (Caverject, Edex, Prostin VR Pediatric).

Dosing

The dosing for Misoprostol depends on the specific medical condition it’s being used to treat. It’s crucial to remember that you should never adjust the dose of medication without consulting with your healthcare provider first.

Prevention of Gastric Ulcers in Patients Taking Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

The standard adult dose for this condition is 200 mcg orally four times a day with food. If this is not tolerated, the dosage can be reduced to 100 mcg four times a day.

Cervical Ripening and Induction of Labor

For this use, Misoprostol is typically administered in a healthcare setting. The dose is usually 25 mcg, administered vaginally every 3-6 hours. However, the dosage can vary based on the specific situation and the healthcare provider’s judgment.

Dosage Forms and Strengths

Misoprostol is available in the form of oral tablets. The available strength is 100 mcg and 200 mcg.

Administration Instructions

Misoprostol should be taken with meals, and the last dose of the day should be at bedtime. It can be taken with or without food. However, taking it with food may decrease the chance of having diarrhea.

Adverse Reactions and Side Effects

Misoprostol can cause a variety of side effects. It’s important to report any unusual or severe symptoms to your healthcare provider.

Diarrhea (Common)

Misoprostol commonly causes diarrhea, as it stimulates muscle contractions in the gut. This effect is usually mild and tends to resolve after the first week of treatment.

Abdominal Pain (Common)

Abdominal pain is another common side effect of Misoprostol. This occurs as the medication stimulates contractions in the gut and uterus.

Nausea (Less Common)

Some patients may experience nausea while taking Misoprostol. This is typically due to the medication’s effect on the gastrointestinal system.

Headache (Less Common)

Headache is a less common side effect of Misoprostol. It may occur as a response to changes in hormone levels caused by the medication.

Contraindications to Taking Misoprostol

Contraindication refers to a condition or factor that serves as a reason to withhold a certain medical treatment due to the harm that it would cause the patient. Misoprostol has a few key contraindications.

Pregnancy

Misoprostol is contraindicated in pregnant women for the prevention of NSAID-induced ulcers due to its abortifacient properties. It stimulates uterine contractions, which can lead to miscarriage or premature birth.

Women of Childbearing Potential Not Using Contraception

Misoprostol should not be used in women of childbearing age who are not using effective contraception. Given its potential to cause abortion, it’s essential for women of childbearing age to have a negative pregnancy test within 2 weeks before starting therapy and to use effective contraceptive measures.

Allergy to Misoprostol or Other Prostaglandins

Patients who have had an allergic reaction to Misoprostol or other prostaglandins should not take Misoprostol. An allergic reaction might include symptoms like itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing.

Drug to Drug Interactions

Certain medications can interact with Misoprostol, changing how it works or increasing the risk for serious side effects.

Antacids (Magnesium-containing)

Taking Misoprostol with antacids that contain magnesium may increase the risk of diarrhea. Brands include Maalox (Magnesium hydroxide/Aluminum hydroxide) and Milk of Magnesia (Magnesium hydroxide).

Misoprostol in Pregnancy

Misoprostol is contraindicated in pregnant women for the prevention of NSAID-induced ulcers due to its abortifacient properties. However, it is sometimes used under medical supervision for induction of labor or abortion.

Misoprostol while Breastfeeding

Misoprostol is excreted in human milk and may cause diarrhea in infants. Therefore, it is not recommended for use while breastfeeding.

Estimated Cost of Medication

The cost of Misoprostol can vary widely, depending on the pharmacy and location. As of writing this article, the estimated cost for a 30-day supply of Misoprostol 200mcg using a GoodRx coupon is around $20-$30. Please note these prices are estimates and can change based on various factors.

Legal Disclaimer

This article is for informational purposes only and not intended as medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment. Reliance on the information provided here is at your own risk.
Remember, it’s crucial to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions when taking any medication, including Misoprostol. Never adjust your medication dose or schedule without your provider’s advice.

Brief Legal Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and not intended as medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment. Reliance on the information provided here is at your own risk.