Medication Profile: Levothyroxine

Summary or Key Points

Levothyroxine is a synthetic thyroid hormone prescribed primarily for treating thyroid disorders. Its primary uses are for Hypothyroidism and Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) Suppression in the treatment of goiter and thyroid cancer. This article provides essential information about its brand names, pharmacologic category, dosage, forms and strengths, administration instructions, and possible side effects. Always consult your healthcare provider before changing your medication regimen. Schedule a telemedicine consultation with our experienced practitioners today.

Names of Medication

US Brand Name: Synthroid, Levoxyl, Unithroid, Euthyrox (Levothyroxine)

The ‘generic name’ is the official medical name for the active ingredient in the medicine. This is given in parenthesis.

Pharmacologic Category

Levothyroxine falls under the pharmacologic category of thyroid hormones. Other medications in this category include Liothyronine (Cytomel) and Thyroid desiccated (Armour Thyroid).

Dosing

Remember: Always consult your healthcare provider before adjusting your medication dose. Our telemedicine service is available to you for immediate consultation.

• Hypothyroidism: Start with a dose of 50-100 mcg/day, adjusting every 6-8 weeks until the desired effect is achieved. This medication is typically taken once daily, indefinitely.
• Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) Suppression (in the treatment of goiter and thyroid cancer): The dose varies widely and depends on multiple factors. Generally, dosing starts at 2.6-3.1 mcg/kg/day, taken once daily, with adjustments made based on individual patient response. This treatment is typically long-term.

Dosage Forms and Strengths

Levothyroxine is available in the following forms and strengths:

• Tablet: 25 mcg, 50 mcg, 75 mcg, 88 mcg, 100 mcg, 112 mcg, 125 mcg, 137 mcg, 150 mcg, 175 mcg, 200 mcg, 300 mcg
• Injection solution: 100 mcg/mL, 200 mcg/2mL, 500 mcg/5mL

Administration Instructions

Levothyroxine should be taken orally once daily on an empty stomach, 30 minutes to an hour before breakfast. It’s crucial to take this medication consistently at the same time each day. For those who cannot swallow the tablets, it can be crushed and mixed with a small amount of water or directly placed into the mouth.

Adverse Reactions and Side Effects

Like all medications, Levothyroxine can cause side effects. Always consult with your healthcare provider or pharmacist if you experience any of these symptoms or they become severe. Reach out to our providers through our telemedicine service for any immediate concerns.

• Common side effects: These include symptoms such as headache, irritability, nervousness, heart palpitations, increased appetite, and weight loss. These may occur but are usually mild and decrease with time.
• Serious side effects: More serious side effects are rare but can include chest pain, rapid or irregular heartbeat, swelling of hands, ankles, or feet, and seizures. If you experience these, seek medical help immediately.

Allergic reactions to Levothyroxine are extremely rare, but get immediate medical help if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, or trouble breathing.

This list does not cover all possible side effects, so always consult with your healthcare provider if you experience unusual or severe symptoms. Remember, our providers are readily available to discuss any concerns through our telemedicine service.

Conclusion

Levothyroxine is a vital medication for those with thyroid disorders. While it’s generally safe and well-tolerated, it’s important to understand its uses, dosages, and potential side effects. Remember, always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your medication regimen. Our telemedicine service is here for you to provide consultations, answer your queries, and ensure your medication is working optimally for your health.

Contraindications

A contraindication is a specific situation in which a drug, procedure, or surgery should not be used because it may be harmful to the patient. Levothyroxine has the following contraindications:

• Untreated adrenal insufficiency: This can lead to adrenal crisis because Levothyroxine increases the metabolic rate, which can exacerbate symptoms of adrenal insufficiency.
• Acute myocardial infarction: The medication may increase heart rate, which could be harmful following a heart attack.
• Uncorrected thyrotoxicosis: Since Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone, it should not be used when the thyroid is producing an excess amount of hormone itself.

Drug to Drug Interactions

Some medications that may interact with Levothyroxine include:

• Cholestyramine (Prevalite)
• Calcium carbonate (Tums)
• Iron supplements such as Ferrous Sulfate
• Anticoagulants like Warfarin (Coumadin)

Levothyroxine in Pregnancy

Yes, it is safe to take Levothyroxine when pregnant. In fact, if you have a thyroid condition, it’s important to continue treatment during pregnancy. Any changes to your medication regimen should be discussed with your healthcare provider.

Levothyroxine while Breastfeeding

Yes, it is generally considered safe to take Levothyroxine while breastfeeding. Small amounts of the medication can pass into breast milk, but this is not harmful to the baby. Always consult with your healthcare provider.

Estimated Cost of Medication

The estimated cost of a 30-day supply of Levothyroxine without insurance, using a GoodRx coupon, is approximately $10-$20, depending on the dosage and the pharmacy. Prices may vary, so it’s important to check your local pharmacies.

Possible Alternatives

Remember to discuss with your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan.

• Hypothyroidism: Alternatives may include other thyroid medications such as Liothyronine (Cytomel) or desiccated thyroid. Lifestyle changes like a balanced diet and regular exercise may also help to improve symptoms.
• TSH Suppression (in the treatment of goiter and thyroid cancer): Alternatives might include surgery or radioactive iodine treatment. Regular monitoring of TSH levels is also important.

Recent Updates on Levothyroxine Research

Recent research shows that the absorption of Levothyroxine may be affected by coffee and dietary fiber if taken too close to the time of the medication. Therefore, it’s advised to avoid these substances within an hour of taking Levothyroxine. Ongoing studies are also investigating the optimal timing of Levothyroxine doses for individual patients. Remember, our telemedicine service is available for you to schedule a consultation and discuss any questions or concerns.

Brief Legal Disclaimer

This article is for informational purposes only and not intended as medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment. Reliance on the information provided here is at your own risk.
Brief Legal Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and not intended as medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment. Reliance on the information provided here is at your own risk.