Oxacillin Antibiotic: Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Administration

Oxacillin: Key Points and Overview

Oxacillin is an antibiotic primarily used to treat bacterial infections caused by Staphylococcus bacteria. As a member of the penicillin family, it works by preventing the growth of bacteria. Oxacillin is often prescribed for conditions such as skin infections, bone infections, and other serious bacterial illnesses. It is important to consult a healthcare provider before starting or adjusting your medication. If you need guidance, you can schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers.

Oxacillin: Brand and Generic Names

US Brand Name: Bactocill

Generic Name: Oxacillin

The generic name refers to the active ingredient in the medication, while the brand name is assigned by the manufacturer. In this article, the generic name is listed in parentheses for clarity.

Pharmacologic Category: Penicillinase-Resistant Antibiotics

Oxacillin belongs to the class of Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillins, which are effective against bacteria that produce penicillinase, an enzyme capable of inactivating other penicillin antibiotics.

Oxacillin Dosage and Treatment Guidelines

Oxacillin is prescribed for a variety of bacterial infections, with the dosage tailored to the specific condition being treated. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and consult them before making any changes to your treatment plan. If you need to discuss your treatment, you can schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers.

Oxacillin for Staphylococcal Infections

Adults: 1 to 2 grams intravenously (IV) every 4 to 6 hours for 7 to 14 days, depending on the severity of the infection.

Oxacillin for Skin Infections

Adults: 1 to 2 grams IV every 4 to 6 hours for 7 to 10 days.

Oxacillin for Osteomyelitis (Bone Infection)

Adults: 2 grams IV every 4 hours for 4 to 6 weeks.

Oxacillin for Endocarditis (Heart Valve Infection)

Adults: 2 grams IV every 4 hours for 4 to 6 weeks.

Oxacillin for Pneumonia

Adults: 1 to 2 grams IV every 4 to 6 hours for 7 to 14 days.

Oxacillin for Septicemia (Blood Infection)

Adults: 1 to 2 grams IV every 4 to 6 hours for 7 to 14 days.

Oxacillin for Cellulitis

Adults: 1 to 2 grams IV every 4 to 6 hours for 7 to 10 days.

Oxacillin for Abscesses

Adults: 1 to 2 grams IV every 4 to 6 hours for 7 to 10 days.

Oxacillin for Bacteremia (Bacteria in the Blood)

Adults: 1 to 2 grams IV every 4 to 6 hours for 7 to 14 days.

Oxacillin for Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

Adults: 1 to 2 grams IV every 4 to 6 hours for 7 to 10 days.

Oxacillin Dosage Forms and Strengths

Injection, powder for reconstitution: 1 gram, 2 grams

Oxacillin Injection Administration Instructions

Oxacillin is administered by injection, typically through an intravenous (IV) route. It is usually given in a hospital or clinical setting, but in some cases, it may be administered at home under medical supervision. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions carefully. If you have any concerns about administering the medication, you can schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers for further assistance.

Oxacillin Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

Like all medications, Oxacillin may cause side effects. Some are common and mild, while others are rare but potentially serious. If you experience any side effects, contact your healthcare provider immediately. You can also consult one of our telemedicine providers for advice.

Common Oxacillin Side Effects

Nausea and Vomiting: Feeling nauseous or vomiting.

Diarrhea: Loose or watery stools.

Rash: Red, itchy skin that may develop as a reaction to the medication.

Serious Oxacillin Side Effects

Allergic Reactions: Swelling of the face, lips, or throat, difficulty breathing, or a severe rash. Seek immediate medical attention if these symptoms occur.

Liver Problems: Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, or severe abdominal pain.

Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (C. diff): Severe, persistent diarrhea that may develop after antibiotic use.

Oxacillin Contraindications

A contraindication is a specific condition in which a medication should not be used due to the risk of harm. It is essential to be aware of any contraindications before starting Oxacillin.

Contraindications for Oxacillin

Allergy to Penicillin or Beta-lactam Antibiotics: Oxacillin is a penicillin-type antibiotic. If you have had an allergic reaction to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics, taking Oxacillin could result in a serious allergic reaction, including life-threatening anaphylaxis.

Kidney Disease: Patients with severe kidney disease may have difficulty clearing Oxacillin from their system, leading to potentially toxic levels of the drug. Your healthcare provider may need to adjust your dose or monitor your kidney function closely.

Liver Disease: Oxacillin is metabolized by the liver. If you have liver disease, your body may not process the medication properly, increasing the risk of side effects or toxicity.

History of Seizures: High doses of Oxacillin can increase the risk of seizures, particularly in individuals with a history of epilepsy or other seizure disorders.

Oxacillin Drug Interactions

Oxacillin can interact with other medications, potentially altering its effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. Be sure to inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.

Medications That Interact with Oxacillin

Probenecid (Benemid): Probenecid can increase Oxacillin levels in your blood, which may lead to toxicity.

Warfarin (Coumadin): Oxacillin may reduce the effectiveness of warfarin, a blood thinner, increasing the risk of blood clots.

Tetracycline (Sumycin): Tetracycline antibiotics may decrease Oxacillin’s effectiveness, making it less potent against infections.

Oral Contraceptives (Birth Control Pills): Oxacillin may reduce the effectiveness of birth control pills, increasing the risk of unintended pregnancy. Consider using an additional form of contraception.

Oxacillin in Pregnancy

Is it safe to take Oxacillin during pregnancy?

Oxacillin, a beta-lactam antibiotic, is classified as a Category B medication by the FDA for use during pregnancy. This means that while animal studies have not shown harm to the fetus, there are no well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Generally, Oxacillin is considered safe during pregnancy when the benefits outweigh the potential risks. However, it is essential to consult your healthcare provider before starting any new medication while pregnant. If you’re expecting and need treatment for an infection, one of our telemedicine providers can help determine if Oxacillin is the right choice for you.

Oxacillin While Breastfeeding

Is it safe to take Oxacillin while breastfeeding?

Oxacillin passes into breast milk in small amounts but is generally considered safe for breastfeeding mothers. However, some infants may experience mild side effects, such as diarrhea or yeast infections. If you’re breastfeeding and have concerns about taking Oxacillin, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider. Our telemedicine providers are available to help you make an informed decision about your treatment options while breastfeeding.

Estimated Cost of Oxacillin

The cost of a 30-day supply of Oxacillin without insurance can vary depending on the pharmacy and location. Using a GoodRx coupon, the estimated cost for a 30-day supply ranges from $50 to $80. Prices may fluctuate, so it’s a good idea to check with your pharmacy or use a discount service like GoodRx to find the best price available.

Possible Alternatives to Oxacillin

If Oxacillin isn’t the right medication for you, there are other treatment options available. Below are some alternatives for common infections typically treated with Oxacillin. Always discuss these options with your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan. Our telemedicine providers can help you explore these alternatives.

Staphylococcal Infections

Alternative Medications: Cephalexin (Keflex), Clindamycin (Cleocin), or Vancomycin (Vancocin).

Lifestyle Changes: Practice good hygiene, including regular handwashing and keeping wounds clean and covered.

Skin Infections

Alternative Medications: Mupirocin (Bactroban) topical ointment, Cephalexin (Keflex), or Clindamycin (Cleocin).

Lifestyle Changes: Keep the affected area clean and dry, and avoid scratching or picking at the infection.

Osteomyelitis

Alternative Medications: Vancomycin (Vancocin), Ceftriaxone (Rocephin), or Linezolid (Zyvox).

Lifestyle Changes: Maintain a healthy diet to support bone healing and follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for wound care.

Endocarditis

Alternative Medications: Vancomycin (Vancocin), Daptomycin (Cubicin), or Ceftriaxone (Rocephin).

Lifestyle Changes: Avoid intravenous drug use and practice good oral hygiene to reduce the risk of infection.

Pneumonia

Alternative Medications: Amoxicillin-Clavulanate (Augmentin), Azithromycin (Zithromax), or Levofloxacin (Levaquin).

Lifestyle Changes: Stay hydrated, rest, and avoid smoking to help your lungs recover.

Septicemia

Alternative Medications: Vancomycin (Vancocin), Piperacillin-Tazobactam (Zosyn), or Meropenem (Merrem).

Lifestyle Changes: Immediate medical attention is required for septicemia. Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions closely.

Cellulitis

Alternative Medications: Cephalexin (Keflex), Clindamycin (Cleocin), or Doxycycline (Vibramycin).

Lifestyle Changes: Elevate the affected limb, keep the area clean, and avoid scratching or irritating the skin.

Abscesses

Alternative Medications: Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim), Clindamycin (Cleocin), or Doxycycline (Vibramycin).

Lifestyle Changes: Keep the abscess clean and dry, and follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for care and drainage.

Bacteremia

Alternative Medications: Vancomycin (Vancocin), Daptomycin (Cubicin), or Ceftriaxone (Rocephin).

Lifestyle Changes: Seek immediate medical attention for bacteremia. Follow your healthcare provider’s treatment plan closely.

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

Alternative Medications: Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid), Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim), or Ciprofloxacin (Cipro).

Lifestyle Changes: Drink plenty of water, urinate frequently, and maintain good personal hygiene to help prevent UTIs.

Recent Updates on Oxacillin Research

Recent studies have focused on the effectiveness of Oxacillin in treating methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infections. Research shows that Oxacillin remains a reliable treatment for MSSA, particularly in skin and soft tissue infections. Ongoing studies are also investigating Oxacillin’s use in combination with other antibiotics to combat resistant bacterial strains. However, no significant changes in Oxacillin’s safety profile or recommended uses have been reported. As always, consult your healthcare provider for the most up-to-date information on your treatment options. Our telemedicine providers are available to discuss the latest research and how it may affect your care.

James Kingsley

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