Front Desk: 469-391-0070
Magnesium Hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia): Uses, Benefits, and Dosage Guide
Summary of Key Points
Magnesium hydroxide, commonly known as Milk of Magnesia, is an over-the-counter medication used to relieve constipation, indigestion, heartburn, and acid reflux. It works by neutralizing stomach acid and increasing water in the intestines, which helps promote bowel movements. While generally safe when used as directed, it’s important to follow dosing instructions carefully. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or adjusting your dose.
Names of Medication
US Brand Name: Phillips’ Milk of Magnesia
The generic name refers to the active ingredient in the medication, which in this case is magnesium hydroxide.
Pharmacologic Category
Categories:
- Antacids
- Laxatives (Saline)
Magnesium Hydroxide Dosage
Magnesium hydroxide is used to treat a variety of conditions. Always consult your doctor before adjusting your dose. You can also schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers for personalized advice.
Magnesium Hydroxide for Constipation
Adult Dose: 2 to 4 tablespoons (30-60 mL) of liquid once daily, preferably at bedtime.
Frequency: Once daily.
Length of Treatment: Use for up to 7 days. If symptoms persist, consult a healthcare provider.
Indigestion, Heartburn, Acid Reflux, and Peptic Ulcers
Adult Dose: 1 to 2 tablespoons (15-30 mL) of liquid as needed.
Frequency: Can be taken up to 4 times daily.
Length of Treatment: Use as needed, but do not exceed the maximum daily dose of 60 mL. If symptoms persist, consult your doctor.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Adult Dose: 1 to 2 tablespoons (15-30 mL) of liquid as needed.
Frequency: Can be taken up to 4 times daily.
Length of Treatment: Use as needed, but do not exceed the maximum daily dose of 60 mL. If symptoms persist, consult your healthcare provider.
Hypermagnesemia and Renal Failure
Magnesium hydroxide is generally not recommended for patients with hypermagnesemia or renal failure due to the risk of magnesium accumulation. Consult your healthcare provider for alternative treatments.
Magnesium Deficiency
Adult Dose: 1 to 2 tablespoons (15-30 mL) of liquid daily.
Frequency: Once daily.
Length of Treatment: Use as directed by your healthcare provider.
Magnesium Hydroxide and Diarrhea
Magnesium hydroxide is not recommended for treating diarrhea. In fact, it may worsen diarrhea due to its laxative effects. Consult your healthcare provider for appropriate treatment options.
Dosage Forms and Strengths
Available Forms:
- Liquid Suspension: 400 mg/5 mL
- Chewable Tablets: 311 mg per tablet
Administration Instructions
Magnesium hydroxide should be taken with a full glass of water. For constipation, it’s best taken at bedtime to promote a bowel movement the next morning. For indigestion or heartburn, take it as needed, but do not exceed the recommended daily dose. Always shake the liquid suspension well before use. If you are unsure how to take this medication, consult your healthcare provider or schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers.
Contraindications
A contraindication is a specific situation or condition where a medication should not be used because it may cause harm. It’s important to understand if any of these apply to you before taking magnesium hydroxide. If you have any concerns, please consult with one of our healthcare providers through telemedicine.
Kidney Disease or Renal Failure: Magnesium is processed by the kidneys. If your kidneys are not functioning properly, taking magnesium hydroxide can lead to dangerously high levels of magnesium in your blood (hypermagnesemia).
Severe Abdominal Pain: If you have undiagnosed severe abdominal pain, magnesium hydroxide could worsen your condition or mask symptoms of a more serious underlying issue, such as appendicitis or bowel obstruction.
Allergy to Magnesium Hydroxide: If you have a known allergy to magnesium hydroxide or any of its ingredients, taking this medication could trigger an allergic reaction, which may include symptoms like rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
Dehydration: Magnesium hydroxide can cause diarrhea, which may worsen dehydration. If you are already dehydrated, this medication could make your condition worse.
Drug Interactions with Magnesium Hydroxide
Magnesium hydroxide can interact with other medications, potentially reducing their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. Be sure to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs, supplements, and herbal products. Here are some common medications that may interact with magnesium hydroxide:
Antibiotics: Magnesium hydroxide can decrease the absorption of certain antibiotics, such as tetracyclines (e.g., Vibramycin [doxycycline]) and quinolones (e.g., Cipro [ciprofloxacin]). It’s recommended to take these antibiotics at least 2 hours before or 4-6 hours after magnesium hydroxide.
Digoxin (Lanoxin): Magnesium hydroxide may reduce the absorption of digoxin, a medication used to treat heart conditions, potentially making it less effective.
Bisphosphonates: Medications like alendronate (Fosamax) used to treat osteoporosis may not be absorbed as well if taken with magnesium hydroxide.
Levothyroxine (Synthroid): Magnesium hydroxide can interfere with the absorption of thyroid medications, so it’s important to space them out by at least 4 hours.
Magnesium Hydroxide in Pregnancy
Is it safe to take magnesium hydroxide during pregnancy? Magnesium hydroxide, commonly known as Milk of Magnesia, is generally considered safe for occasional use, particularly for relieving constipation or heartburn. However, it’s crucial to consult your healthcare provider before taking any medication while pregnant. If your symptoms persist, one of our telemedicine providers can assist you in finding the most appropriate treatment plan for both you and your baby.
Magnesium Hydroxide while Breastfeeding
Is it safe to take magnesium hydroxide while breastfeeding? Magnesium hydroxide is typically considered safe during breastfeeding. Only a small amount of magnesium is absorbed into the bloodstream, and even less is passed into breast milk. If you have any concerns, it’s always a good idea to discuss them with your healthcare provider to ensure the well-being of both you and your baby.
Estimated Cost of Magnesium Hydroxide
The estimated cost of a 30-day supply of magnesium hydroxide without insurance, when using a GoodRx coupon, ranges from $5 to $15, depending on the brand and dosage form (e.g., liquid or chewable tablets). Prices may vary based on location and pharmacy, so it’s worth checking for the best available deal.
Possible Alternatives to Magnesium Hydroxide
If magnesium hydroxide isn’t the right option for you, or if you’re considering other treatments, several alternatives are available. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan. Our telemedicine providers are here to help guide you through these options.
Alternatives for Constipation
To manage constipation, consider increasing your intake of dietary fiber, drinking more water, or using other over-the-counter laxatives like polyethylene glycol (Miralax) or stool softeners such as docusate (Colace).
Alternatives for Indigestion and Heartburn
Lifestyle changes, such as avoiding spicy foods, eating smaller meals, and not lying down immediately after eating, can be helpful. Medications like famotidine (Pepcid) or omeprazole (Prilosec) may also provide relief.
Alternatives for Acid Reflux and GERD
In addition to lifestyle adjustments like elevating the head of your bed and avoiding trigger foods, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as esomeprazole (Nexium) or H2 blockers like ranitidine (Zantac) can be effective treatment options.
Alternatives for Peptic Ulcers
Treatment for peptic ulcers typically involves PPIs or H2 blockers, and antibiotics may be prescribed if the ulcer is caused by H. pylori bacteria.
Considerations for Hypermagnesemia
If you have elevated magnesium levels (hypermagnesemia), it’s important to avoid magnesium-containing medications. In severe cases, treatment may involve intravenous calcium or dialysis.
Considerations for Renal Failure
If you have kidney disease, it’s recommended to avoid magnesium-containing medications. Your healthcare provider can suggest alternative treatments tailored to your specific condition.
Magnesium Deficiency Treatment
If you’re diagnosed with magnesium deficiency, your healthcare provider may recommend magnesium supplements or dietary changes to increase your intake of magnesium-rich foods, such as leafy greens, nuts, and whole grains.
Alternatives for Diarrhea
If you experience diarrhea, staying hydrated is essential. Over-the-counter medications like loperamide (Imodium) may help, but if symptoms persist, consult your healthcare provider for further guidance.
Recent Updates on Magnesium Hydroxide Research
Recent studies have examined magnesium hydroxide’s role in treating constipation and its potential benefits for gut health. Some research suggests that magnesium hydroxide may help balance gut bacteria, which could positively impact digestion and immune function. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings. Additionally, researchers are exploring the use of magnesium hydroxide in combination with other treatments for conditions like acid reflux and GERD. If you’re interested in staying informed about the latest research, our telemedicine providers can help you explore the most up-to-date treatment options.
