Human Albumin: Uses, Dosage, and Side Effects Explained

Summary of Key Points

Human albumin is a protein used to treat various medical conditions, including low blood volume, liver disease, and kidney disorders. It helps restore fluid balance in the body and is commonly used in critical care settings. Human albumin is administered through intravenous (IV) infusion and should only be used under the supervision of a healthcare provider. Always consult your doctor before starting or adjusting your dose.

Names of Medication

US Brand Name: Albutein, Albuminar, AlbuRx, Flexbumin

Generic Name: Human albumin

The generic name refers to the active ingredient in the medication, which is listed in parentheses after the brand name.

Pharmacologic Category

Plasma Volume Expander

Blood Derivative

Dosing Information for Human Albumin

Human albumin is used to treat a variety of conditions, with the dosage and frequency tailored to the specific condition being treated. Always follow your doctor’s instructions and consult with one of our telemedicine providers before making any changes to your dose.

Hypovolemia (Low Blood Volume)

Dosage: 25 g (50 mL of 5% solution) IV infusion, repeated every 15-30 minutes as needed.

Frequency: As needed until blood volume is restored.

Liver Cirrhosis (Ascites)

Dosage: 6-8 g per liter of ascitic fluid removed.

Frequency: Administered during paracentesis (fluid removal).

Nephrotic Syndrome

Dosage: 25 g (50 mL of 25% solution) IV infusion, repeated every 1-2 days as needed.

Frequency: Until protein levels stabilize.

Burns

Dosage: 25 g (50 mL of 5% solution) IV infusion, repeated every 4-8 hours as needed.

Frequency: Based on the severity of burns and fluid loss.

Shock

Dosage: 25 g (50 mL of 5% solution) IV infusion, repeated every 15-30 minutes as needed.

Frequency: Until shock symptoms improve.

Sepsis

Dosage: 25 g (50 mL of 5% solution) IV infusion, repeated every 4-6 hours as needed.

Frequency: Based on fluid loss and blood pressure stabilization.

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn

Dosage: 1 g/kg body weight IV infusion.

Frequency: Administered once before exchange transfusion.

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Dosage: 25 g (50 mL of 5% solution) IV infusion, repeated every 8 hours as needed.

Frequency: Until respiratory function improves.

Postoperative Fluid Management

Dosage: 25 g (50 mL of 5% solution) IV infusion, repeated every 6-8 hours as needed.

Frequency: Based on fluid loss during surgery.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Dosage: 25 g (50 mL of 5% solution) IV infusion, repeated as needed during and after surgery.

Frequency: Based on fluid loss and blood pressure stabilization.

Dosage Forms and Strengths of Human Albumin

5% solution: 50 mL, 250 mL

25% solution: 50 mL, 100 mL

Administration Instructions for Human Albumin

Human albumin is administered through intravenous (IV) infusion by a healthcare professional. It is essential to follow your doctor’s instructions carefully. The infusion rate may vary depending on your condition and how your body responds to treatment. If you experience any discomfort during the infusion, notify your healthcare provider immediately. Always consult with one of our telemedicine providers if you have any questions or concerns about your treatment.

Adverse Reactions and Side Effects of Human Albumin

Like all medications, human albumin can cause side effects. Some are more common, while others are rare but serious. If you experience any of the following, contact your healthcare provider immediately.

Common Side Effects: These may occur in more than 1 in 10 patients.

Fever: A mild increase in body temperature.

Nausea: Feeling sick to your stomach.

Less Common Side Effects: These may occur in 1 in 100 patients.

Allergic Reactions: Rash, itching, or swelling, especially of the face, tongue, or throat.

Low Blood Pressure: Dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when standing up.

Rare Side Effects: These may occur in fewer than 1 in 1,000 patients.

Severe Allergic Reactions (Anaphylaxis): Difficulty breathing, chest tightness, or swelling of the face and throat.

Fluid Overload: Swelling in the legs or arms, difficulty breathing, or rapid weight gain.

Contraindications for Human Albumin

A contraindication is a specific situation where a drug or treatment should not be used because it may be harmful. It’s important to know if you have any conditions or factors that make taking human albumin unsafe for you.

Here are some contraindications for human albumin:

Severe anemia: Human albumin is contraindicated in patients with severe anemia, as it can worsen the condition by increasing blood volume without increasing red blood cells, which are essential for oxygen transport.

Heart failure: In patients with heart failure, the increased blood volume caused by human albumin can strain the heart, worsening symptoms or leading to heart failure exacerbation.

Allergy to albumin: If you have a known allergy to albumin or any of the ingredients in human albumin, taking this medication can cause a severe allergic reaction, which could be life-threatening.

Severe dehydration: Human albumin should not be used in patients with severe dehydration unless fluids are also administered, as it can worsen dehydration by drawing water out of the tissues.

Drug to Drug Interactions with Human Albumin

Certain medications may interact with Human albumin, potentially leading to adverse effects or diminishing the effectiveness of either drug. It is crucial to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are currently taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements. Below are some known interactions with Human albumin:

1. ACE inhibitors (e.g., Lisinopril, Enalapril): These medications can increase the risk of severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) when used alongside Human albumin.
2. Diuretics (e.g., Furosemide [Lasix], Hydrochlorothiazide): Diuretics may heighten the risk of dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, particularly in patients with kidney conditions, when combined with Human albumin.
3. NSAIDs (e.g., Ibuprofen, Naproxen): Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can impair kidney function, which may be further compromised when Human albumin is administered.

Human Albumin in Pregnancy: Is It Safe?

Is it safe to use Human albumin during pregnancy? Human albumin is generally considered safe during pregnancy but should only be used if clearly necessary. Since there is limited data on its use in pregnant women, your healthcare provider will carefully weigh the potential benefits against any risks before prescribing it. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, it’s important to discuss this with your provider. You can also schedule a telemedicine visit with one of our providers for personalized advice.

Human Albumin While Breastfeeding: What You Need to Know

Is it safe to take Human albumin while breastfeeding? There is no definitive evidence that Human albumin passes into breast milk or affects a breastfeeding infant. However, due to the limited research available, it is recommended to use Human albumin with caution while breastfeeding. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any new medication while nursing. Our telemedicine providers are available to help guide you through this decision.

Estimated Cost of Human Albumin Medication

The cost of Human albumin can vary depending on the dosage and form prescribed. Without insurance, the estimated cost of a 30-day supply using a GoodRx coupon ranges from approximately $150 to $300. Prices may fluctuate based on your location and the pharmacy you choose.

Possible Alternatives to Human Albumin

If Human albumin is not suitable for you, alternative treatments or lifestyle changes may help manage your condition. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan. You can also reach out to one of our telemedicine providers for further guidance.

1. Hypovolemia: Alternatives include intravenous (IV) fluids such as saline or lactated Ringer’s solution. In some cases, blood transfusions may be necessary.
2. Liver cirrhosis: Diuretics and salt restriction can help manage fluid buildup. In severe cases, liver transplantation may be considered.
3. Nephrotic syndrome: Treatment options include corticosteroids, ACE inhibitors, and dietary modifications to reduce salt intake.
4. Burns: IV fluids, pain management, and wound care are essential. In more severe cases, skin grafts may be required.
5. Shock: Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may involve IV fluids, vasopressors, or blood transfusions.
6. Sepsis: Antibiotics and IV fluids are the cornerstone of treatment. In severe cases, vasopressors and mechanical ventilation may be necessary.
7. Hemolytic disease: Blood transfusions and immunoglobulin therapy are common treatments.
8. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): Mechanical ventilation and supportive care are often required. In some cases, corticosteroids may be used.
9. Postoperative fluid management: IV fluids and careful monitoring of electrolytes and kidney function are essential.
10. Cardiopulmonary bypass: Blood products and meticulous fluid management are used during and after surgery to maintain stability.

Recent Updates on Human Albumin Research

Recent studies have explored the use of Human albumin in critically ill patients, particularly those with sepsis and liver disease. Some research suggests that Human albumin may improve outcomes in patients with liver cirrhosis by reducing complications such as ascites (fluid buildup in the abdomen). Ongoing studies are also investigating its role in managing sepsis and shock, with early findings indicating that it may help stabilize blood pressure and improve survival rates in certain patient populations.

As research continues to evolve, staying informed about the latest findings is important. If you have questions about how new research may impact your treatment plan, consider scheduling a telemedicine visit with one of our providers to discuss your options.

James Kingsley

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