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Formoterol Inhaler: Dosage, Side Effects, and Usage Instructions
Summary of Key Points
Formoterol is a long-acting bronchodilator used to manage asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other lung conditions. It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways, making it easier to breathe. Formoterol is typically used in combination with other medications and is not intended for sudden breathing problems. Always follow your doctor’s instructions, and if you have any questions about your treatment, consult one of our telemedicine providers.
Names of Medication
US Brand Name: Foradil, Perforomist
Generic Name: Formoterol
The generic name refers to the active ingredient, while the brand name is assigned by the manufacturer. In this article, the generic name is listed in parentheses.
Pharmacologic Category
Category: Long-Acting Beta-Agonist (LABA)
Formoterol Dosage
Formoterol is prescribed for various respiratory conditions, with the dosage and frequency tailored to the specific condition being treated. Always consult your doctor before making any changes to your dose. If you have concerns, you can schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers.
Formoterol Dosage for Asthma (Adults)
Inhalation: 12 mcg (1 capsule) via inhaler every 12 hours. Formoterol is usually used alongside an inhaled corticosteroid. It is not a rescue inhaler and should not be used for sudden asthma attacks.
Formoterol for COPD Treatment
Inhalation: 12 mcg (1 capsule) via inhaler every 12 hours. Formoterol helps manage COPD symptoms but is not intended for immediate relief of breathing difficulties.
Formoterol for Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm
Inhalation: 12 mcg (1 capsule) via inhaler at least 15 minutes before exercise. Do not take additional doses within 12 hours.
Formoterol for Bronchitis, Emphysema, and Other Respiratory Conditions
Formoterol may be used off-label for conditions such as bronchitis, emphysema, and other lung diseases. The dosing is typically similar to that for COPD, but always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions.
Dosage Forms and Strengths
Inhalation Capsule: 12 mcg
Nebulizer Solution: 20 mcg/2 mL
Formoterol Inhaler Instructions
Formoterol is administered via inhalation, either through an inhaler or a nebulizer. It is crucial to use the medication exactly as prescribed. Do not use Formoterol more frequently than recommended, as this can increase the risk of side effects. If you are unsure how to use your inhaler or nebulizer, consult your healthcare provider or schedule a telemedicine visit for guidance.
Formoterol Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
Like all medications, Formoterol may cause side effects. Some are more common, while others are rare but more serious. If you experience any severe side effects, seek medical attention immediately.
Common Side Effects: Headache, dry mouth, muscle cramps, and nervousness. These side effects are generally mild and may subside as your body adjusts to the medication.
Less Common Side Effects: Increased heart rate, tremors, or dizziness. If these symptoms persist or worsen, contact your healthcare provider.
Serious Side Effects: Chest pain, irregular heartbeat, or difficulty breathing. These are rare but require immediate medical attention.
Contraindications for Formoterol
A contraindication is a specific situation or condition where a medication should not be used because it may cause harm. If you have any of the following conditions, Formoterol may not be safe for you. Always discuss your medical history with your healthcare provider before starting any new medication.
Severe Hypersensitivity to Formoterol: If you have had an allergic reaction to Formoterol or any of its ingredients, you should not take this medication. Allergic reactions can include symptoms such as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
Cardiovascular Disorders: Formoterol can increase heart rate and blood pressure, which may worsen conditions like heart disease, arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats), or hypertension (high blood pressure).
Seizure Disorders: Formoterol may lower the seizure threshold, increasing the likelihood of seizures in individuals with a history of such conditions.
Thyrotoxicosis: This condition involves an overactive thyroid, and Formoterol can exacerbate symptoms such as rapid heart rate and anxiety.
Hypokalemia: Formoterol can lower potassium levels in the blood, which may be dangerous for individuals already at risk of low potassium (hypokalemia).
Drug-to-Drug Interactions with Formoterol
Formoterol can interact with other medications, potentially leading to serious side effects or reduced effectiveness. Be sure to inform your healthcare provider of all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements. Some known interactions include:
Beta-Blockers (e.g., Atenolol, Metoprolol): These medications can reduce the effectiveness of Formoterol and may worsen breathing problems.
Diuretics (e.g., Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide): These medications can increase the risk of low potassium levels, which may be worsened by Formoterol.
MAO Inhibitors (e.g., Phenelzine, Tranylcypromine): These antidepressants can increase the risk of cardiovascular side effects, such as high blood pressure or rapid heart rate, when taken with Formoterol.
Tricyclic Antidepressants (e.g., Amitriptyline, Nortriptyline): These medications can also increase the risk of heart-related side effects when used with Formoterol.
Other Long-Acting Beta Agonists (LABAs) (e.g., Salmeterol): Using more than one LABA can increase the risk of side effects like tremors, rapid heart rate, and high blood pressure.
Formoterol in Pregnancy
Is it safe to take Formoterol when pregnant?
Formoterol is classified as a Category C medication for pregnancy by the FDA. This means that while no well-controlled studies have been conducted in humans, animal studies have shown some risk to the fetus. However, the potential benefits of using Formoterol may outweigh the risks, particularly if your asthma or COPD is not well-managed. Uncontrolled respiratory conditions can pose significant risks to both the mother and baby. It is essential to consult your healthcare provider to carefully weigh the risks and benefits before using Formoterol during pregnancy. If you’re pregnant and need to discuss treatment options, our telemedicine providers are available to assist you.
Formoterol While Breastfeeding
Is it safe to take Formoterol while breastfeeding?
There is limited information on whether Formoterol passes into breast milk. Some studies suggest that the risk to a breastfeeding infant is low, but it is important to discuss the potential risks and benefits with your healthcare provider. If you are breastfeeding and need to manage a respiratory condition, our telemedicine providers can help you make an informed decision about your treatment options.
Estimated Cost of Formoterol Inhaler
The cost of a 30-day supply of Formoterol without insurance can vary depending on the pharmacy and location. However, with a GoodRX coupon, the estimated cost ranges from $50 to $100 for a 30-day supply. Prices may fluctuate, so it’s a good idea to check with your pharmacy or use a discount service like GoodRX to find the best available price.
Possible Alternatives to Formoterol
Depending on your specific respiratory condition, there may be alternative treatments or lifestyle changes that can help manage your symptoms. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan. Our telemedicine providers are available to help you explore these options.
Asthma
Alternatives include inhaled corticosteroids (e.g., Fluticasone), leukotriene modifiers (e.g., Montelukast), or lifestyle changes such as avoiding triggers like allergens and smoking.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Alternatives include short-acting bronchodilators (e.g., Albuterol), inhaled corticosteroids, or participation in pulmonary rehabilitation programs.
Bronchitis
Treatment options may include short-acting bronchodilators, antibiotics (if bacterial), and lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking and staying well-hydrated.
Emphysema
Alternatives include inhaled corticosteroids, oxygen therapy, and lifestyle changes like smoking cessation and regular physical activity.
Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm
Short-acting beta-agonists (e.g., Albuterol) taken before exercise may serve as an alternative to Formoterol.
Allergic Rhinitis
Antihistamines (e.g., Loratadine), nasal corticosteroids (e.g., Fluticasone), and avoiding allergens can help manage symptoms.
Cystic Fibrosis
Alternatives include mucolytics (e.g., Dornase alfa), chest physiotherapy, and antibiotics to manage lung infections.
Pulmonary Hypertension
Treatment options may include endothelin receptor antagonists (e.g., Bosentan), phosphodiesterase inhibitors (e.g., Sildenafil), or lifestyle changes such as reducing salt intake.
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Treatment may involve surfactant therapy, oxygen therapy, and, in severe cases, mechanical ventilation.
Interstitial Lung Disease
Alternatives include corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs (e.g., Azathioprine), and lifestyle changes such as avoiding environmental triggers.
Recent Updates on Formoterol Research
Recent studies have focused on the long-term safety of using Formoterol, particularly in combination with inhaled corticosteroids for asthma and COPD management. Research indicates that combining Formoterol with an inhaled corticosteroid can reduce the risk of severe asthma attacks compared to using Formoterol alone. Additionally, ongoing studies are exploring the potential benefits of Formoterol in treating other respiratory conditions, such as interstitial lung disease and pulmonary hypertension.
As new research emerges, staying informed about the latest findings is crucial. If you have questions about how this research may impact your treatment plan, our telemedicine providers are available to discuss the most up-to-date information with you.
