Ezetimibe Medication: Uses, Dosage, and Cholesterol Management

Summary of Key Points

Ezetimibe is a medication used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood. It works by reducing the amount of cholesterol absorbed by the intestines. Ezetimibe is commonly prescribed for conditions such as high cholesterol, heart disease, and atherosclerosis. It can be used on its own or in combination with other cholesterol-lowering medications. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or adjusting your dose of Ezetimibe.

Names of Medication

US Brand Name: Zetia

Generic Name: Ezetimibe

The generic name refers to the active ingredient in the medication, while the brand name is assigned by the manufacturer. In this case, Ezetimibe is the generic name.

Pharmacologic Category

Ezetimibe belongs to a class of medications known as cholesterol absorption inhibitors. Other medications in this class include:

1. Plant sterols (e.g., Sitosterol)
2. Phytosterols

Ezetimibe Dosage

Ezetimibe is prescribed to treat various conditions related to high cholesterol and cardiovascular disease. Below are the recommended doses for adults. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your medication. If needed, you can schedule a telemedicine appointment with us.

Hyperlipidemia (High Cholesterol)

Dosage: 10 mg once daily

Duration: Long-term treatment, depending on cholesterol levels and response to therapy

Hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol)

Dosage: 10 mg once daily

Duration: Long-term treatment, depending on cholesterol levels and response to therapy

Familial Hypercholesterolemia (Inherited High Cholesterol)

Dosage: 10 mg once daily, often combined with a statin

Duration: Long-term treatment, depending on cholesterol levels and response to therapy

Atherosclerosis (Hardening of the Arteries)

Dosage: 10 mg once daily

Duration: Long-term treatment to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events

Coronary Artery Disease (Narrowing of the Heart’s Arteries)

Dosage: 10 mg once daily

Duration: Long-term treatment to reduce the risk of heart attacks and other complications

Peripheral Artery Disease (Narrowing of the Arteries in the Limbs)

Dosage: 10 mg once daily

Duration: Long-term treatment to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events

Stroke Prevention

Dosage: 10 mg once daily

Duration: Long-term treatment to reduce the risk of stroke

Heart Attack Prevention

Dosage: 10 mg once daily

Duration: Long-term treatment to reduce the risk of heart attack

Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

Dosage: 10 mg once daily

Duration: Long-term treatment to manage cholesterol levels in patients with diabetes or metabolic syndrome

Dosage Forms and Strengths

Ezetimibe is available in the following form and strength:

1. Tablet: 10 mg

Administration Instructions for Ezetimibe

Ezetimibe is typically taken once daily, with or without food. It’s important to take it at the same time each day to maintain consistent levels in your body. If prescribed alongside other cholesterol-lowering medications, such as statins, your healthcare provider may recommend taking them together. Follow your provider’s instructions carefully and do not stop taking the medication without consulting them first.

Ezetimibe Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

Like all medications, Ezetimibe can cause side effects. While not everyone experiences them, it’s important to be aware of potential reactions. If you experience any severe side effects, contact your healthcare provider immediately. You can also schedule a telemedicine appointment with us for further guidance.

Common Side Effects (1-10% of patients)

1. Headache: Mild to moderate discomfort in the head
2. Diarrhea: Loose or watery stools
3. Fatigue: Feeling unusually tired or weak

Less Common Side Effects (0.1-1% of patients)

1. Muscle pain: Discomfort or soreness in the muscles
2. Joint pain: Aching or stiffness in the joints

Rare Side Effects (Less than 0.1% of patients)

1. Allergic reactions: Rash, itching, or swelling, especially of the face, tongue, or throat
2. Liver problems: Yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine

Contraindications for Ezetimibe

A contraindication is a specific situation where a drug should not be used because it may be harmful. If you have any of the following conditions, Ezetimibe may not be safe for you. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any new medication. If unsure, you can schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers.

1. Active liver disease: Ezetimibe is processed by the liver. If you have active liver disease, the medication may not metabolize properly, leading to potential toxicity or worsening liver function.
2. Pregnancy: Ezetimibe is not recommended during pregnancy, as its safety has not been well-established in pregnant women and may pose risks to the fetus.
3. Allergy to Ezetimibe: If you are allergic to Ezetimibe or any of its ingredients, taking it could result in a serious allergic reaction, including rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing.

Drug to Drug Interactions

Ezetimibe can interact with other medications, potentially reducing its effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. If you’re taking any of the following medications, it’s important to inform your healthcare provider before starting Ezetimibe. You can also consult our telemedicine providers to ensure your current medications are safe to use alongside Ezetimibe.

Cyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune): Taking Ezetimibe with cyclosporine can increase the levels of both drugs in your bloodstream, heightening the risk of side effects.

Fibrates (e.g., Fenofibrate [Tricor], Gemfibrozil [Lopid]): Combining Ezetimibe with fibrates may elevate the risk of developing gallstones and liver issues.

Warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven): Ezetimibe may enhance the effects of warfarin, which could increase the risk of bleeding. Your doctor may need to monitor your blood clotting levels more frequently.

Bile acid sequestrants (e.g., Cholestyramine [Prevalite], Colesevelam [Welchol]): These medications can reduce the absorption of Ezetimibe, making it less effective. If both medications are necessary, your doctor may recommend taking them at different times of the day to avoid this interaction.

Ezetimibe in Pregnancy

Is it Safe to Take Ezetimibe During Pregnancy?

Ezetimibe is generally not recommended during pregnancy due to limited data on its safety. The potential risks to the developing baby are not fully understood. If you’re pregnant or planning to become pregnant, it’s essential to consult your healthcare provider about alternative treatments for managing cholesterol. Our telemedicine providers are also available to discuss your options and help you make an informed decision.

Ezetimibe While Breastfeeding

Is it Safe to Take Ezetimibe While Breastfeeding?

It’s unclear whether Ezetimibe passes into breast milk, so it is generally not recommended while breastfeeding. If you’re breastfeeding and need to manage your cholesterol, speak with your healthcare provider about safer alternatives. Our telemedicine providers can assist you in exploring the best options for your situation.

Estimated Cost of Ezetimibe Medication

The cost of a 30-day supply of Ezetimibe without insurance can vary depending on the pharmacy and location. With a GoodRx coupon, the average price for a 30-day supply of Ezetimibe (10 mg) is approximately $10 to $20. Be sure to check with your local pharmacy for the most accurate pricing, and consider telemedicine options for convenient prescription refills.

Possible Alternatives to Ezetimibe

If Ezetimibe isn’t suitable for you, other medications and lifestyle changes may help manage your condition. Always discuss alternatives with your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan. Our telemedicine providers are available to guide you through these options.

1. Hyperlipidemia and Hypercholesterolemia: Statins (e.g., Atorvastatin, Simvastatin) are commonly prescribed to lower cholesterol. Lifestyle changes, such as adopting a heart-healthy diet, engaging in regular exercise, and maintaining a healthy weight, can also be beneficial.
2. Familial hypercholesterolemia: In addition to statins, PCSK9 inhibitors (e.g., Alirocumab, Evolocumab) may be recommended. Genetic counseling and dietary modifications are also important for managing this condition.
3. Atherosclerosis and Coronary artery disease: Medications such as aspirin, beta-blockers, and ACE inhibitors may help reduce the risk of heart attack or stroke. Lifestyle changes, including quitting smoking, eating a balanced diet, and exercising regularly, are also crucial.
4. Peripheral artery disease: Cilostazol (Pletal) and antiplatelet medications may be prescribed. Walking programs and smoking cessation can significantly improve symptoms.
5. Stroke and Heart attack prevention: Antiplatelet drugs like aspirin or anticoagulants such as warfarin may be recommended. Managing risk factors like high blood pressure, diabetes, and cholesterol is essential for prevention.
6. Diabetes and Metabolic syndrome: Controlling blood sugar with medications like Metformin, along with a healthy diet and regular exercise, can help manage these conditions and reduce cardiovascular risk.

Recent Updates on Ezetimibe Research

Recent studies have shown that combining Ezetimibe with statins can further reduce LDL cholesterol and improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with high cholesterol. Ongoing research is exploring the long-term benefits of Ezetimibe in preventing heart attacks and strokes, particularly in patients who cannot tolerate high doses of statins. Some studies are also investigating Ezetimibe’s role in managing cholesterol in patients with chronic kidney disease. As new data becomes available, your healthcare provider can help determine the most appropriate treatment plan for your condition. If you have any concerns or questions about your current treatment, our telemedicine providers are here to assist you.

James Kingsley

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