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Cefixime Antibiotic: Uses, Dosage, and Side Effects Overview
Summary of Key Points
Cefixime is an antibiotic commonly used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections (UTIs), gonorrhea, ear infections, and respiratory infections such as bronchitis and pneumonia. It works by preventing the growth of bacteria. Cefixime is typically taken orally and is available in different forms and strengths. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting or adjusting any medication. Our telemedicine providers are available to assist you with any questions or concerns.
Names of Medication
US Brand Name: Suprax
Generic Name: Cefixime
The generic name refers to the active ingredient in the medication, while the brand name is assigned by the manufacturer. In this article, we will primarily use the generic name (Cefixime).
Pharmacologic Category
Cefixime belongs to a class of antibiotics known as cephalosporins. Other medications in this category include:
- Cefuroxime
- Cefdinir
- Ceftriaxone
Cefixime Dosage
Cefixime is prescribed to treat a range of bacterial infections. The dosage and duration of treatment depend on the specific infection being addressed. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and consult them before making any changes to your dose. Our telemedicine providers are available to answer any questions you may have.
Cefixime Dosage for Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Dosage: 400 mg once daily or 200 mg every 12 hours
Length of Treatment: 7-14 days
Cefixime Dosage for Gonorrhea (Uncomplicated)
Dosage: 400 mg as a single dose
Length of Treatment: Single dose
Cefixime Dosage for Otitis Media (Ear Infection)
Dosage: 400 mg once daily or 200 mg every 12 hours
Length of Treatment: 10-14 days
Cefixime Dosage for Sinusitis
Dosage: 400 mg once daily or 200 mg every 12 hours
Length of Treatment: 10-14 days
Cefixime Dosage for Pharyngitis and Tonsillitis
Dosage: 400 mg once daily or 200 mg every 12 hours
Length of Treatment: 10-14 days
Cefixime Dosage for Pneumonia
Dosage: 400 mg once daily or 200 mg every 12 hours
Length of Treatment: 7-14 days
Cefixime Dosage for Bronchitis
Dosage: 400 mg once daily or 200 mg every 12 hours
Length of Treatment: 7-14 days
Cefixime Dosage for Bacterial Skin Infections
Dosage: 400 mg once daily or 200 mg every 12 hours
Length of Treatment: 7-14 days
Dosage Forms and Strengths of Cefixime
Cefixime is available in the following forms and strengths:
- Tablets: 400 mg
- Chewable Tablets: 100 mg, 150 mg, 200 mg
- Oral Suspension (liquid): 100 mg/5 mL, 200 mg/5 mL
Administration Instructions for Cefixime
Cefixime can be taken with or without food. If you are using the liquid form, be sure to shake the bottle well before each dose. Use a special measuring device or spoon to ensure you are taking the correct amount. Avoid using a household spoon, as it may not provide an accurate measurement. It is important to complete the full course of treatment, even if you start feeling better, to ensure the infection is fully treated.
Contraindications for Cefixime
A contraindication is a condition or factor that makes the use of a particular medication unsafe. It’s important to be aware of any conditions that may make taking Cefixime harmful for you.
Contraindications for Taking Cefixime
Allergy to cephalosporins: If you are allergic to cephalosporin antibiotics (such as ceftriaxone or cephalexin), you should not take Cefixime, as it could cause a serious allergic reaction.
Severe penicillin allergy: Some individuals who are allergic to penicillin may also have a reaction to cephalosporins like Cefixime. If you have experienced a severe allergic reaction to penicillin (such as anaphylaxis), your healthcare provider may recommend avoiding Cefixime.
Kidney disease: If you have severe kidney disease or impaired kidney function, Cefixime may not be processed properly by your body, leading to higher drug levels and potential toxicity. Your doctor may adjust your dose or suggest an alternative treatment.
Drug to Drug Interactions with Cefixime
It is important to inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are currently taking, as some drugs may interact with Cefixime, potentially affecting its effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects.
Medications that Interact with Cefixime
Warfarin (Coumadin): Cefixime may enhance the effects of warfarin, a blood thinner, which could increase the risk of bleeding. Your doctor may need to monitor your blood clotting levels more closely if you are taking both medications.
Probenecid (Benemid): Probenecid can raise the levels of Cefixime in your blood, potentially increasing the risk of side effects. Your doctor may adjust your Cefixime dose if you are taking probenecid.
Live bacterial vaccines: Cefixime may reduce the effectiveness of live bacterial vaccines, such as the typhoid vaccine. Be sure to inform your healthcare provider if you are scheduled to receive a live vaccine before starting Cefixime.
Cefixime in Pregnancy
Is it Safe to Take Cefixime When Pregnant?
Cefixime is classified as a Category B medication by the FDA. This means that animal studies have not shown harm to the fetus, but there are no well-controlled studies in pregnant women. While Cefixime is generally considered safe during pregnancy, it’s crucial to consult your healthcare provider before taking any medication. If you are pregnant and need treatment for a bacterial infection, your doctor will carefully weigh the benefits and potential risks of Cefixime based on your individual circumstances.
Cefixime While Breastfeeding
Is it Safe to Take Cefixime While Breastfeeding?
Cefixime passes into breast milk in small amounts. Although it is typically considered safe for breastfeeding mothers, there is a possibility of mild side effects in the nursing infant, such as diarrhea or changes in gut bacteria. If you are breastfeeding, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider before starting Cefixime to ensure it’s the best choice for both you and your baby.
Estimated Cost of Cefixime Medication
The cost of Cefixime can vary depending on the pharmacy and location. Without insurance, a 30-day supply of Cefixime (200 mg or 400 mg tablets) typically ranges from $30 to $60 when using a GoodRx coupon. Prices may fluctuate, so it’s a good idea to check with your local pharmacy or use a coupon service like GoodRx to find the most affordable option.
Possible Alternatives to Cefixime
If Cefixime is not suitable for you, there are other medications and treatments available for the conditions it commonly treats. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan. You can also schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers to discuss your options.
Cefixime Alternatives for Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Alternative antibiotics: Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid), Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim), or Fosfomycin (Monurol)
Lifestyle changes: Drink plenty of water, urinate after sexual activity, and avoid irritants like caffeine and alcohol.
Cefixime Alternatives for Gonorrhea
Alternative antibiotics: Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) is the preferred treatment for gonorrhea, often combined with azithromycin (Zithromax) or doxycycline (Vibramycin).
Cefixime Alternatives for Otitis Media (Middle Ear Infection)
Alternative antibiotics: Amoxicillin (Amoxil), Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin), or Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Lifestyle changes: Keep the ears dry, avoid smoking or secondhand smoke, and use warm compresses to relieve pain.
Cefixime Alternatives for Sinusitis
Alternative antibiotics: Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin), Doxycycline (Vibramycin), or Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
Lifestyle changes: Use saline nasal sprays, stay hydrated, and consider using a humidifier to ease symptoms.
Cefixime Alternatives for Pharyngitis and Tonsillitis
Alternative antibiotics: Penicillin, Amoxicillin (Amoxil), or Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Lifestyle changes: Gargle with salt water, stay hydrated, and use throat lozenges to soothe discomfort.
Cefixime Alternatives for Pneumonia
Alternative antibiotics: Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin), Azithromycin (Zithromax), or Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
Lifestyle changes: Rest, stay hydrated, and use a humidifier to help with breathing.
Cefixime Alternatives for Bronchitis
Alternative antibiotics (for bacterial bronchitis): Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin), Azithromycin (Zithromax), or Doxycycline (Vibramycin)
Lifestyle changes: Avoid smoking, stay hydrated, and use a humidifier to ease symptoms.
Cefixime Alternatives for Bacterial Infections
Alternative antibiotics: Depending on the type of bacterial infection, alternatives may include Amoxicillin (Amoxil), Doxycycline (Vibramycin), or Levofloxacin (Levaquin).
Cefixime Alternatives for Skin Infections
Alternative antibiotics: Cephalexin (Keflex), Clindamycin (Cleocin), or Doxycycline (Vibramycin)
Lifestyle changes: Keep the affected area clean and dry, and consider using over-the-counter topical treatments for minor infections.
Recent Updates on Cefixime Research
Recent studies on Cefixime have focused on its effectiveness in treating antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria, particularly in the treatment of gonorrhea. While Cefixime was once a first-line treatment for gonorrhea, the emergence of resistant strains has led to ceftriaxone becoming the preferred option. However, Cefixime may still be used in certain cases where ceftriaxone is unavailable or unsuitable.
Ongoing research is also exploring the use of Cefixime in combination with other antibiotics to combat resistant bacterial infections. As antibiotic resistance continues to be a significant public health concern, researchers are investigating new strategies to enhance the effectiveness of existing antibiotics like Cefixime.
