Carteolol Eye Drops: Uses, Dosage, and Side Effects Explained

Summary of Key Points

Carteolol is a beta-blocker commonly used to treat conditions such as glaucoma, high blood pressure, and certain heart-related issues. It works by reducing pressure in the eye and lowering heart rate, which helps prevent complications. While it is most often prescribed as an eye drop for glaucoma, it is also available in oral forms for other conditions. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or adjusting your dosage.

Names of Medication

US Brand Name: Ocupress

Generic Name: Carteolol

The generic name refers to the active ingredient, while the brand name is assigned by the manufacturer. The generic name is typically listed in parentheses.

Pharmacologic Category

Beta-blockers (Nonselective)

Other medications in this category include propranolol, timolol, and nadolol.

Carteolol Dosage

Carteolol is prescribed for a variety of conditions, and the dosage and frequency depend on the specific condition being treated. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and consult them before making any changes to your dose. If needed, you can schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers for personalized guidance.

Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension

Dosage: 1 drop of 1% or 2% solution in the affected eye(s) twice daily.

Frequency: Twice daily (morning and evening).

Length of Treatment: Long-term, as directed by your doctor.

Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)

Dosage: 2.5 mg to 10 mg orally once daily.

Frequency: Once daily.

Length of Treatment: Long-term, as directed by your doctor.

Heart Failure

Dosage: 2.5 mg to 10 mg orally once daily.

Frequency: Once daily.

Length of Treatment: Long-term, as directed by your doctor.

Angina (Chest Pain)

Dosage: 2.5 mg to 10 mg orally once daily.

Frequency: Once daily.

Length of Treatment: Long-term, as directed by your doctor.

Arrhythmias (Irregular Heartbeat)

Dosage: 2.5 mg to 10 mg orally once daily.

Frequency: Once daily.

Length of Treatment: Long-term, as directed by your doctor.

Migraine Prevention

Dosage: 2.5 mg to 10 mg orally once daily.

Frequency: Once daily.

Length of Treatment: Long-term, as directed by your doctor.

Anxiety

Dosage: 2.5 mg to 10 mg orally once daily.

Frequency: Once daily.

Length of Treatment: As needed, or as directed by your doctor.

Hyperthyroidism

Dosage: 2.5 mg to 10 mg orally once daily.

Frequency: Once daily.

Length of Treatment: As directed by your doctor.

Post-Myocardial Infarction (After a Heart Attack)

Dosage: 2.5 mg to 10 mg orally once daily.

Frequency: Once daily.

Length of Treatment: Long-term, as directed by your doctor.

Dosage Forms and Strengths

Ophthalmic Solution: 1%, 2% (eye drops)

Oral Tablets: 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg

How to Use Carteolol Eye Drops and Oral Tablets

For eye drops, start by washing your hands thoroughly. Avoid touching the dropper tip to any surface, including your eye, to prevent contamination. Tilt your head back, gently pull down your lower eyelid, and apply one drop into the small pocket formed by the eyelid. After applying the drop, close your eye and press the corner near your nose for 1-2 minutes to prevent the medication from draining out. If you are using more than one type of eye medication, wait at least 5 minutes between applications.

For oral tablets, take Carteolol with or without food, as directed by your healthcare provider. Swallow the tablet whole with water. Do not crush or chew the tablet.

Carteolol Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

Like all medications, Carteolol may cause side effects. Some are more common, while others are rare but potentially serious. If you experience any side effects, contact your healthcare provider or schedule a telemedicine appointment with us for further evaluation.

Common Side Effects

Eye irritation: Burning or stinging in the eye after applying the drops.

Fatigue: Feeling unusually tired or weak.

Dizziness: Feeling lightheaded, especially when standing up quickly.

Less Common but Serious Side Effects

Shortness of breath: Difficulty breathing, which may indicate a serious reaction.

Bradycardia: A slow heart rate, which can be dangerous if severe.

Severe allergic reaction: Rash, itching, swelling, or trouble breathing, which requires immediate medical attention.

Contraindications for Carteolol

A contraindication is a specific condition or situation in which a medication should not be used because it may be harmful. If you have any of the following conditions, taking Carteolol may not be safe for you:

1. Severe Asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Carteolol is a beta-blocker, and beta-blockers can narrow airways, worsening breathing problems in people with severe asthma or COPD.
2. Severe Bradycardia (slow heart rate): Carteolol can further slow your heart rate, which can be dangerous if your heart is already beating too slowly.
3. Heart Block (second or third degree): Carteolol can interfere with heart signals, worsening heart block and potentially leading to serious complications.
4. Cardiogenic Shock: In this condition, the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs. Carteolol can further decrease heart function, which can be life-threatening.
5. Severe Heart Failure: While beta-blockers are sometimes used to treat heart failure, they should not be used in severe cases where the heart cannot pump blood effectively.

If you have any of these conditions, discuss alternative treatments with your healthcare provider. You can also schedule a telemedicine consultation with one of our providers to explore your options.

Drug to Drug Interactions

Carteolol can interact with other medications, potentially increasing side effects or reducing the effectiveness of your treatment. Medications that may interact with Carteolol include:

Calcium Channel Blockers (e.g., Verapamil, Diltiazem): These drugs can slow your heart rate and lower blood pressure. When combined with Carteolol, they may cause dangerously low heart rates or blood pressure.

Other Beta-Blockers (e.g., Atenolol, Metoprolol): Using multiple beta-blockers can increase the risk of side effects such as a slow heart rate, low blood pressure, and dizziness.

Antiarrhythmic Drugs (e.g., Amiodarone, Flecainide): These medications help control heart rhythm, but when taken with Carteolol, they may increase the risk of abnormal heart rhythms.

Clonidine (brand name Catapres): Stopping Clonidine suddenly while taking Carteolol can lead to a dangerous spike in blood pressure.

Insulin or Oral Diabetes Medications (e.g., Metformin, Glyburide): Carteolol can mask the symptoms of low blood sugar, making it harder to detect and treat hypoglycemia.

Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications and supplements you are taking. If you’re concerned about potential interactions, our telemedicine providers can help review your medication list.

Carteolol in Pregnancy

Is it safe to take Carteolol during pregnancy?

Carteolol is classified as a pregnancy category C drug by the FDA, meaning there isn’t enough research to confirm its safety during pregnancy. While animal studies have shown potential risks, no well-controlled studies have been conducted in pregnant women. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, discuss the risks and benefits of Carteolol with your healthcare provider. They may suggest safer alternatives. You can also consult with one of our telemedicine providers to explore your options.

Carteolol while Breastfeeding

Is it safe to take Carteolol while breastfeeding?

Carteolol can pass into breast milk, but its effects on a nursing infant are not well-studied. Due to potential risks, such as slowed heart rate or low blood pressure in the baby, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider before using Carteolol while breastfeeding. They may recommend safer alternatives for you and your baby. Our telemedicine providers are available to help you make an informed decision about your treatment while breastfeeding.

Estimated Cost of Carteolol

The cost of a 30-day supply of Carteolol without insurance can vary depending on the pharmacy and location. However, with a GoodRx coupon, the price typically ranges from $15 to $30 for a 30-day supply. Be sure to check GoodRx or other discount programs for the most up-to-date pricing.

Possible Alternatives to Carteolol

If you cannot take Carteolol or are seeking alternative treatments, several options are available depending on your condition. Always discuss any changes to your treatment plan with your healthcare provider or one of our telemedicine providers.

Glaucoma: Alternatives include other eye drops like prostaglandin analogs (e.g., Latanoprost) or alpha agonists (e.g., Brimonidine). Surgery or laser treatments may also be options.

Ocular Hypertension: Besides beta-blockers like Carteolol, prostaglandin analogs or carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (e.g., Dorzolamide) may be prescribed.

Hypertension: Other medication classes, such as ACE inhibitors (e.g., Lisinopril) or calcium channel blockers (e.g., Amlodipine), along with lifestyle changes like reducing sodium intake and increasing physical activity, may help manage high blood pressure.

Heart Failure: ACE inhibitors, diuretics (e.g., Furosemide), or lifestyle changes like a low-sodium diet and regular exercise may be recommended.

Angina: Nitrates (e.g., Isosorbide Mononitrate) or calcium channel blockers may be used as alternatives.

Arrhythmias: Antiarrhythmic drugs (e.g., Amiodarone) or procedures like catheter ablation may be considered.

Migraine: Other beta-blockers (e.g., Propranolol) or medications like triptans (e.g., Sumatriptan) may be alternatives. Lifestyle changes, such as stress management and avoiding migraine triggers, can also help.

Anxiety: Non-beta-blocker medications like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (e.g., Sertraline) or cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) may be effective.

Hyperthyroidism: Antithyroid medications (e.g., Methimazole) or radioactive iodine treatment may be alternatives.

Post-Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack): ACE inhibitors, statins (e.g., Atorvastatin), and lifestyle changes like quitting smoking and adopting a heart-healthy diet are often recommended.

Recent Updates on Carteolol Research

Recent studies have focused on Carteolol’s use in treating glaucoma and ocular hypertension. A 2022 study found that Carteolol effectively reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) with fewer side effects compared to other beta-blockers. Researchers are also exploring Carteolol’s potential neuroprotective effects in glaucoma patients, which could help preserve vision long-term. Ongoing research is investigating Carteolol’s use in combination with other medications to enhance its effectiveness in treating cardiovascular conditions.

As new research emerges, staying informed about your treatment options is crucial. If you have questions about how these updates may affect your care, our telemedicine providers are here to assist.

James Kingsley

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