Benazepril Medication: Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Interactions

Summary of Key Points

Benazepril is a prescription medication primarily used to manage high blood pressure (hypertension) and certain heart and kidney conditions. It belongs to a group of drugs known as ACE inhibitors, which work by relaxing blood vessels, making it easier for the heart to pump blood. Additionally, Benazepril can help protect kidney function in individuals with diabetes or chronic kidney disease. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or adjusting your dose of Benazepril.

Names of Medication

US Brand Name: Lotensin

Generic Name: Benazepril

The generic name refers to the active ingredient, while the brand name is assigned by the manufacturer. In this article, the generic name will be used in parentheses.

Pharmacologic Category

Benazepril is classified as an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor.

Other medications in this category include:

1. Lisinopril
2. Enalapril
3. Ramipril
4. Captopril

Benazepril Dosage

Benazepril is prescribed for various conditions, and the dosage may differ depending on the specific condition being treated. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and consult them before making any changes to your dose. If you need to speak with a provider, you can schedule a telemedicine appointment with us today.

Benazepril for High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)

Initial dose: 10 mg once daily.

Maintenance dose: 20-40 mg daily, either as a single dose or divided into two doses.

Benazepril for Heart Failure

Initial dose: 5 mg once daily.

Maintenance dose: 10-40 mg daily, adjusted based on response and tolerability.

Benazepril for Diabetic Nephropathy (Kidney Disease in Diabetics)

Initial dose: 5-10 mg once daily.

Maintenance dose: 20-40 mg daily.

Benazepril for Chronic Kidney Disease

Initial dose: 5 mg once daily.

Maintenance dose: 10-40 mg daily, depending on kidney function.

Benazepril for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (Thickening of the Heart Muscle)

Initial dose: 10 mg once daily.

Maintenance dose: 20-40 mg daily.

Benazepril for Proteinuria (Excess Protein in the Urine)

Initial dose: 5-10 mg once daily.

Maintenance dose: 20-40 mg daily.

Benazepril for Post-Myocardial Infarction (After a Heart Attack)

Initial dose: 5 mg once daily.

Maintenance dose: 10-40 mg daily, adjusted based on response.

Benazepril for Stroke Prevention

Initial dose: 10 mg once daily.

Maintenance dose: 20-40 mg daily.

Benazepril for Cardiovascular Disease

Initial dose: 5-10 mg once daily.

Maintenance dose: 20-40 mg daily.

Benazepril for Renal Impairment (Kidney Dysfunction)

Initial dose: 5 mg once daily.

Maintenance dose: 10-40 mg daily, depending on kidney function and response.

Dosage Forms and Strengths

Benazepril is available in the following forms and strengths:

1. Tablet: 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg

Administration Instructions for Benazepril

Benazepril is typically taken by mouth, with or without food. It’s important to take this medication at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels. Swallow the tablet whole with water. Do not crush or chew the tablet. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not double up on doses.

Benazepril Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

Like all medications, Benazepril may cause side effects. Some are more common, while others are rare but potentially serious. If you experience severe side effects, contact your healthcare provider immediately. You can also schedule a telemedicine visit with one of our providers to discuss any concerns.

Common Benazepril Side Effects

1. Cough: A persistent dry cough is a frequent side effect of ACE inhibitors like Benazepril.
2. Dizziness: You may feel lightheaded, especially when standing up quickly.
3. Headache: Some patients report mild to moderate headaches.
4. Fatigue: Feeling tired or weak is a common side effect.

Less Common but Serious Side Effects

1. Angioedema: Swelling of the face, lips, throat, or tongue. This is a medical emergency and requires immediate attention.
2. High Potassium Levels (Hyperkalemia): Benazepril can raise potassium levels, which may lead to heart complications.
3. Kidney Problems: In rare cases, Benazepril may worsen kidney function, particularly in individuals with pre-existing kidney disease.
4. Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension): This can cause fainting or dizziness, especially after the first dose.

Contraindications for Benazepril

A contraindication is a specific situation where a medication should not be used because it may be harmful. For Benazepril, several conditions or factors make it unsafe. If you have any of the following conditions, you should not take Benazepril. Always consult with your healthcare provider or one of our telemedicine providers before starting or stopping any medication.

1. History of angioedema: Benazepril can cause angioedema (swelling of the deeper layers of the skin), which can be life-threatening. If you have a history of this condition, Benazepril may increase your risk of another episode.
2. Allergy to ACE inhibitors: Benazepril belongs to a class of medications called ACE inhibitors. If you’ve had an allergic reaction to any ACE inhibitor in the past, you should not take Benazepril as it could cause a severe allergic reaction.
3. Pregnancy: Benazepril can harm an unborn baby, especially in the second and third trimesters. It is contraindicated during pregnancy (see more details below).
4. Severe kidney disease: In patients with severe kidney impairment, Benazepril can worsen kidney function. Your healthcare provider may suggest alternative treatments if you have this condition.
5. Hyperkalemia (high potassium levels): Benazepril can increase potassium levels, which may be dangerous for people who already have elevated potassium levels.

Drug Interactions with Benazepril

Benazepril can interact with other medications, potentially increasing side effects or reducing its effectiveness. Below are some medications that may interact with Benazepril. Always inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), Naproxen (Aleve) – These medications can reduce the effectiveness of Benazepril and increase the risk of kidney damage.

Diuretics (water pills): Furosemide (Lasix), Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) – Taking these with Benazepril may increase the risk of low blood pressure or dehydration.

Potassium supplements or potassium-sparing diuretics: Spironolactone (Aldactone), Eplerenone (Inspra) – These can raise the risk of hyperkalemia (high potassium levels) when combined with Benazepril.

Other blood pressure medications: Losartan (Cozaar), Valsartan (Diovan) – Combining these with Benazepril may increase the risk of low blood pressure, kidney problems, or elevated potassium levels.

Lithium: Lithium (Lithobid) – Benazepril can increase lithium levels in the blood, which may lead to toxicity.

Benazepril and Pregnancy

Benazepril is not safe to take during pregnancy. It can cause serious harm to an unborn baby, particularly in the second and third trimesters. Potential risks include low blood pressure, kidney failure, or even fetal death. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, speak with your healthcare provider about alternative treatments. If you become pregnant while taking Benazepril, contact your healthcare provider immediately to discuss stopping the medication and switching to a safer option.

Benazepril and Breastfeeding

Benazepril is not recommended while breastfeeding. Although there is limited information on how much Benazepril passes into breast milk, ACE inhibitors like Benazepril may affect nursing infants, especially newborns or premature babies. If you are breastfeeding, consult your healthcare provider about safer alternatives for managing your condition.

Estimated Cost of Benazepril Medication

The cost of a 30-day supply of Benazepril without insurance can vary. With a GoodRx coupon, the estimated cost for a 30-day supply of Benazepril (10 mg) is approximately $10 to $15. Prices may differ depending on the pharmacy and location. Check GoodRx or other discount programs to find the best price available to you.

Possible Alternatives to Benazepril

If Benazepril is not suitable for you, several alternative treatments and lifestyle changes may help manage your condition. Always discuss these options with your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan. Our telemedicine providers are available to help you explore these alternatives.

Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): Alternatives include other blood pressure medications such as calcium channel blockers (Amlodipine), beta-blockers (Metoprolol), or lifestyle changes like reducing salt intake, regular exercise, and weight loss.

Heart Failure: Other medications like beta-blockers (Carvedilol) or diuretics (Furosemide) may be prescribed. Lifestyle changes, such as reducing fluid intake and managing stress, can also be beneficial.

Diabetic Nephropathy: Alternative treatments may include angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) like Losartan or Valsartan. Managing blood sugar through diet, exercise, and medications is also crucial.

Chronic Kidney Disease: ARBs like Losartan or Valsartan may be used. Additionally, controlling blood pressure and blood sugar levels, along with reducing protein intake, can help slow the progression of kidney disease.

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Beta-blockers or ARBs may be considered. Regular exercise and managing high blood pressure are important lifestyle changes.

Proteinuria: ARBs or diuretics may be alternatives. Managing underlying conditions like diabetes and hypertension is essential.

Post-Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack): Beta-blockers, ARBs, or statins may be used. Lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, eating a heart-healthy diet, and regular exercise are important for recovery.

Stroke Prevention: Blood thinners (Aspirin, Clopidogrel) or statins may be prescribed. Lifestyle changes such as lowering cholesterol, controlling blood pressure, and quitting smoking can reduce stroke risk.

Cardiovascular Disease: Statins, beta-blockers, or ARBs may be used. A heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, and quitting smoking are key lifestyle changes.

Renal Impairment: ARBs or diuretics may be alternatives. Managing blood pressure and blood sugar levels, along with reducing salt and protein intake, can help protect kidney function.

Recent Updates on Benazepril Research

Recent studies have focused on the long-term effects of Benazepril in patients with chronic kidney disease and heart failure. One study found that Benazepril, when combined with other medications, may help slow the progression of kidney disease in diabetic patients. Another ongoing study is exploring the potential benefits of using Benazepril with ARBs for patients with resistant hypertension (high blood pressure that is difficult to control). While these findings are promising, more research is needed to confirm the long-term safety and effectiveness of these combinations. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan.

James Kingsley

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