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Vedolizumab Treatment: Uses, Dosage, and Side Effects Explained
Summary of Key Points
Vedolizumab is a prescription medication used to manage inflammatory conditions like ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. It works by targeting specific cells in the gut to help reduce inflammation. Vedolizumab is typically given through an intravenous (IV) infusion. Common side effects include headache, joint pain, and nausea. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or adjusting your treatment. You can also schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers for personalized care.
Names of Medication
US Brand Name: Entyvio (Vedolizumab)
The generic name refers to the active ingredient in the medication, while the brand name is assigned by the manufacturer. In this case, “Vedolizumab” is the generic name.
Pharmacologic Category
Integrin Receptor Antagonist
Monoclonal Antibody
Vedolizumab Dosing
Vedolizumab is used to treat various inflammatory conditions. The dosing schedule depends on the specific condition being treated. Always follow your doctor’s instructions and consult them before making any changes to your dose. If you have questions about your treatment, you can also speak with one of our telemedicine providers.
Vedolizumab for Ulcerative Colitis (Adults)
Initial dose: 300 mg intravenously (IV) at weeks 0, 2, and 6.
Maintenance dose: 300 mg IV every 8 weeks thereafter.
Vedolizumab for Crohn’s Disease (Adults)
Initial dose: 300 mg IV at weeks 0, 2, and 6.
Maintenance dose: 300 mg IV every 8 weeks thereafter.
Vedolizumab for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
For both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, Vedolizumab is part of the treatment plan for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The dosing is the same as outlined above.
Vedolizumab is not currently approved to treat conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatitis, or vasculitis. Always consult your healthcare provider to discuss the best treatment options for your condition.
Dosage Forms and Strengths
Vedolizumab is available as a powder for injection, which is reconstituted and administered intravenously (IV).
Strength: 300 mg per vial.
Administration Instructions for Vedolizumab
Vedolizumab is administered via intravenous (IV) infusion, typically in a healthcare setting. The infusion usually takes about 30 minutes. Your healthcare provider will monitor you during and after the infusion for any signs of an allergic reaction. It is important to attend all scheduled appointments and follow your doctor’s instructions carefully. If you experience any unusual symptoms during or after the infusion, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Vedolizumab Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
Like all medications, Vedolizumab can cause side effects. Some are more common than others. If you experience severe or persistent symptoms, contact your healthcare provider or schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers.
Common Vedolizumab Side Effects (Occurring in 1-10% of patients)
Headache: Mild to moderate headaches may occur after the infusion.
Joint pain: Some patients may experience discomfort in their joints.
Nausea: Feeling nauseous is a common side effect.
Less Common Side Effects (Occurring in less than 1% of patients)
Fever: Some patients may develop a fever after treatment.
Fatigue: Feeling unusually tired or weak can occur.
Upper respiratory infections: You may be more prone to colds or other respiratory infections.
Serious Side Effects (Rare but require immediate medical attention)
Allergic reactions: Symptoms such as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing may indicate an allergic reaction.
Liver problems: Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice) may be a sign of liver issues.
Severe infections: Vedolizumab can increase the risk of serious infections. Contact your doctor if you develop a high fever, persistent cough, or other signs of infection.
Contraindications for Vedolizumab
A contraindication is a specific situation or condition where a particular medication should not be used because it may be harmful to the patient. For Vedolizumab, certain conditions may make it unsafe to take the medication. Below are the main contraindications for Vedolizumab:
Serious infections: Vedolizumab can weaken the immune system, making it harder for your body to fight infections. If you have an active infection, taking Vedolizumab could worsen it.
Hypersensitivity or allergic reactions: If you have had a severe allergic reaction to Vedolizumab or any of its ingredients in the past, you should not take it again. Allergic reactions can range from mild rashes to severe, life-threatening conditions like anaphylaxis.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML): PML is a rare but serious brain infection caused by the JC virus. While Vedolizumab has not been directly associated with PML, it may increase the risk of infections, including PML, due to its effect on the immune system. If you have a history of PML or are at risk, your doctor may advise against using Vedolizumab.
Drug-to-Drug Interactions with Vedolizumab
Some medications can interact with Vedolizumab, potentially reducing its effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. Always inform your healthcare provider of all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs, supplements, and herbal products. Below are some medications that may interact with Vedolizumab:
Immunosuppressants: Medications like azathioprine (Imuran), methotrexate (Trexall), or cyclosporine (Neoral) may increase the risk of infections when taken with Vedolizumab, as both suppress the immune system.
Corticosteroids: Drugs like prednisone (Deltasone) or methylprednisolone (Medrol) are often used to reduce inflammation. Taking these with Vedolizumab may increase the risk of infections.
TNF inhibitors: Medications such as infliximab (Remicade) or adalimumab (Humira) are also used to treat inflammatory conditions. Combining these with Vedolizumab may increase the risk of serious infections.
Vedolizumab in Pregnancy
Is it Safe to Take Vedolizumab During Pregnancy?
Information on the safety of Vedolizumab during pregnancy is still limited. While animal studies have not shown harm to the fetus, there is a lack of comprehensive human studies. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, it’s crucial to discuss the potential risks and benefits of continuing Vedolizumab with your healthcare provider. In some cases, the benefits of managing conditions like ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease may outweigh the potential risks. Our telemedicine providers are available to help you make an informed decision based on your specific circumstances.
Vedolizumab While Breastfeeding
Is it Safe to Take Vedolizumab While Breastfeeding?
It is not yet clear whether Vedolizumab passes into breast milk. Due to the possibility of serious side effects in a breastfeeding infant, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider about whether to continue breastfeeding or to stop taking Vedolizumab. Your doctor will help you weigh the benefits of treatment against any potential risks to your baby. You can also reach out to one of our telemedicine providers for personalized advice on Vedolizumab and breastfeeding.
Estimated Cost of Vedolizumab
The cost of Vedolizumab can vary depending on your location and pharmacy. Without insurance, the estimated cost for a 30-day supply using a GoodRx coupon ranges from approximately $5,000 to $6,000. For the most accurate pricing, check with your pharmacy, and consider discussing financial assistance options with your healthcare provider. Since Vedolizumab can be expensive, exploring insurance coverage and assistance programs is essential.
Possible Alternatives to Vedolizumab
If Vedolizumab is not the right option for you, there are alternative treatments and lifestyle changes that may help manage your condition. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan. Below are some alternatives for conditions commonly treated with Vedolizumab:
Ulcerative Colitis
Alternatives to Vedolizumab for ulcerative colitis include other biologics such as infliximab (Remicade) or adalimumab (Humira), as well as non-biologic medications like mesalamine (Asacol). Dietary adjustments, such as reducing dairy or high-fiber foods, may also help alleviate symptoms.
Crohn’s Disease
For Crohn’s disease, biologics like ustekinumab (Stelara) or certolizumab pegol (Cimzia) may serve as alternatives to Vedolizumab. Lifestyle changes, including stress management and a low-residue diet, can also help control symptoms.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
In addition to biologics like Vedolizumab, immunomodulators such as azathioprine (Imuran) or methotrexate (Trexall) may be considered for IBD. Regular exercise and a balanced diet can also support overall gut health and symptom management.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Alternatives to Vedolizumab for rheumatoid arthritis include biologics like etanercept (Enbrel) or tofacitinib (Xeljanz). Physical therapy and anti-inflammatory diets may also provide symptom relief.
Psoriatic Arthritis
For psoriatic arthritis, medications like secukinumab (Cosentyx) or apremilast (Otezla) may be alternatives to Vedolizumab. Maintaining a healthy weight and engaging in regular exercise can also improve symptoms.
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Biologics such as adalimumab (Humira) or golimumab (Simponi) may be used as alternatives to Vedolizumab for ankylosing spondylitis. Physical therapy and posture exercises can help manage stiffness and pain.
Multiple Sclerosis
Alternatives to Vedolizumab for multiple sclerosis include medications like fingolimod (Gilenya) or dimethyl fumarate (Tecfidera). Regular exercise and a healthy diet may also help manage symptoms.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
For systemic lupus erythematosus, medications like hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) or belimumab (Benlysta) may be considered as alternatives to Vedolizumab. Sun protection and stress management are important lifestyle changes for managing lupus.
Dermatitis
Topical treatments like corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors (e.g., tacrolimus) may be used as alternatives to Vedolizumab for dermatitis. Moisturizing regularly and avoiding triggers like harsh soaps can help manage symptoms.
Vasculitis
Treatment for vasculitis may involve corticosteroids or immunosuppressants like cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) as alternatives to Vedolizumab. A healthy diet and regular check-ups with your healthcare provider are important for managing this condition.
Recent Updates on Vedolizumab Research
Recent studies on Vedolizumab have focused on its long-term safety and effectiveness in treating inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. A 2022 study published in the journal Gastroenterology found that Vedolizumab is effective in maintaining remission for patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis over a five-year period. Additionally, ongoing research is exploring the potential use of Vedolizumab in other autoimmune conditions, such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis, though more studies are needed to confirm its effectiveness in these areas.
If you are interested in learning more about these studies or discussing whether Vedolizumab is right for you, our telemedicine providers are available to help you make an informed decision.
