Prochlorperazine: Uses, Dosage, and Side Effects Overview

Prochlorperazine: Key Points and Overview

Prochlorperazine is a prescription medication commonly used to manage nausea, vomiting, schizophrenia, anxiety, and other conditions. It belongs to a group of drugs known as phenothiazines, which work by affecting the balance of certain chemicals in the brain. Prochlorperazine is available in various forms, including tablets, suppositories, and injections. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or adjusting your dose. If needed, you can also schedule a telemedicine visit with one of our providers to discuss your treatment options.

Prochlorperazine: Brand and Generic Names

US Brand Name: Compazine

Generic Name: Prochlorperazine

The generic name refers to the active ingredient in the medication and is typically listed in parentheses after the brand name.

Pharmacologic Category of Prochlorperazine

Phenothiazine Antiemetics

Phenothiazine Antipsychotics

Prochlorperazine Dosage Information

Prochlorperazine is prescribed for a variety of conditions, and the dosage will depend on the specific condition being treated. Always follow your doctor’s instructions carefully and consult them before making any changes to your dose. If you need further guidance, you can schedule a telemedicine visit with one of our providers.

Prochlorperazine for Nausea and Vomiting

Oral: 5 to 10 mg taken 3 to 4 times daily. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of symptoms.

Rectal (suppository): 25 mg twice daily.

Prochlorperazine for Schizophrenia

Oral: 5 to 10 mg taken 3 to 4 times daily. The dose may be gradually increased, up to a maximum of 150 mg per day, divided into multiple doses.

Intramuscular (IM) injection: 10 to 20 mg every 2 to 4 hours as needed.

Prochlorperazine for Anxiety

Oral: 5 mg taken 3 to 4 times daily. Treatment should not exceed 12 weeks.

Prochlorperazine for Psychosis

Oral: 5 to 10 mg taken 3 to 4 times daily. The dose may be increased as needed, up to a maximum of 150 mg per day.

Prochlorperazine for Motion Sickness

Oral: 5 to 10 mg taken 1 to 2 hours before travel, then every 6 to 8 hours as needed.

Prochlorperazine for Tension Headaches

Oral: 5 mg taken 3 to 4 times daily.

Prochlorperazine for Vertigo

Oral: 5 mg taken 3 to 4 times daily.

Prochlorperazine for Agitation

Intramuscular (IM) injection: 10 to 20 mg every 2 to 4 hours as needed.

Prochlorperazine for Delirium

Intramuscular (IM) injection: 10 to 20 mg every 2 to 4 hours as needed.

Prochlorperazine Dosage Forms and Strengths

Tablets: 5 mg, 10 mg

Suppositories: 25 mg

Intramuscular (IM) injection: 5 mg/mL

Prochlorperazine Administration Instructions

Prochlorperazine can be administered orally, rectally, or via injection. If taking the tablet form, swallow it whole with water. For suppositories, insert them rectally as directed by your healthcare provider. If receiving an injection, it will be administered by a healthcare professional. Always follow the instructions provided by your doctor or pharmacist. If you have any questions about how to take your medication, schedule a telemedicine visit with one of our providers.

Prochlorperazine Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

Like all medications, Prochlorperazine may cause side effects. Some are more common, while others are rare but potentially serious. If you experience any side effects, contact your healthcare provider immediately. You can also schedule a telemedicine visit with us to discuss your symptoms.

Common Prochlorperazine Side Effects

Drowsiness: Feeling unusually sleepy or fatigued.

Dizziness: A sensation of spinning or feeling off-balance.

Dry mouth: A reduction in saliva, leading to a dry sensation in the mouth.

Blurred vision: Difficulty seeing clearly or focusing.

Serious Prochlorperazine Side Effects

Tardive dyskinesia: Involuntary movements, particularly of the face and tongue. This can be a long-term side effect.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS): A rare but life-threatening condition characterized by fever, muscle stiffness, and confusion.

Severe allergic reactions: Symptoms may include swelling of the face, lips, or throat, difficulty breathing, or hives.

Prochlorperazine Contraindications

A contraindication is a specific condition or situation where a medication should not be used because it may cause harm. If you have any of the following conditions, you should not take Prochlorperazine:

1. Allergy to Prochlorperazine or other phenothiazines: If you have had an allergic reaction to Prochlorperazine or similar medications (such as chlorpromazine), taking it again could result in a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction.
2. Severe liver disease: Prochlorperazine is metabolized by the liver. If your liver is not functioning properly, the medication may build up in your body, leading to harmful effects.
3. Severe central nervous system depression: If you have a condition that slows brain activity, such as a coma or extreme drowsiness, Prochlorperazine can further depress your central nervous system, which could be dangerous.
4. Bone marrow suppression: Prochlorperazine can lower white blood cell counts, increasing the risk of serious infections. If your bone marrow is already suppressed, this risk is even greater.
5. Children under 2 years old or under 20 pounds: Prochlorperazine is not recommended for very young children or those weighing less than 20 pounds, as it can cause severe breathing problems.

Drug to Drug Interactions

Prochlorperazine can interact with other medications, potentially increasing side effects or reducing the effectiveness of one or both drugs. It’s important to inform your healthcare provider about all medications you’re taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements. Some medications that may interact with Prochlorperazine include:

1. Levodopa (Sinemet): Prochlorperazine may reduce the effectiveness of Levodopa, a medication used to treat Parkinson’s disease.
2. Antihistamines (Benadryl, diphenhydramine): These can enhance Prochlorperazine’s sedative effects, leading to excessive drowsiness.
3. Opioid pain medications (OxyContin, oxycodone): Combining opioids with Prochlorperazine increases the risk of severe drowsiness, respiratory depression, and even coma.
4. Blood pressure medications (Lopressor, metoprolol): Prochlorperazine may lower blood pressure, and when combined with blood pressure medications, it can cause dangerously low blood pressure.
5. Antidepressants (Zoloft, sertraline): Using Prochlorperazine with certain antidepressants can raise the risk of serotonin syndrome, a serious condition that may cause confusion, rapid heart rate, and high blood pressure.

Prochlorperazine in Pregnancy

Is it Safe to Take Prochlorperazine When Pregnant?

Prochlorperazine is classified as a Category C medication for pregnancy by the FDA. This means there aren’t enough well-controlled studies in humans to confirm its safety. While animal studies have shown some risk to the fetus, the potential benefits of using Prochlorperazine during pregnancy may outweigh the risks in certain cases, such as severe nausea and vomiting. If you’re pregnant or planning to become pregnant, consult your healthcare provider to determine if Prochlorperazine is appropriate for you. You can also speak with one of our telemedicine providers for personalized advice.

Prochlorperazine While Breastfeeding

Is it Safe to Take Prochlorperazine While Breastfeeding?

Prochlorperazine can pass into breast milk and may affect a nursing infant. It is generally not recommended while breastfeeding, especially if your baby is premature or has health issues. If you’re breastfeeding and need treatment for nausea, vomiting, or other conditions, discuss safer alternatives with your healthcare provider. Our telemedicine team can help you explore your options and make an informed decision.

Estimated Cost of Prochlorperazine

The cost of a 30-day supply of Prochlorperazine without insurance can vary by pharmacy and location. However, using a GoodRx coupon, the estimated cost for a 30-day supply of Prochlorperazine (5 mg or 10 mg tablets) ranges from $10 to $20. Check GoodRx or other discount programs for the most up-to-date pricing.

Possible Alternatives to Prochlorperazine

If Prochlorperazine isn’t suitable for you, alternative treatments and lifestyle changes may help manage your symptoms. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan. You can also consult one of our telemedicine providers for guidance.

1. Nausea and Vomiting: Alternatives include medications like ondansetron (Zofran) or metoclopramide (Reglan). Lifestyle changes, such as eating smaller meals, staying hydrated, and avoiding strong smells, may also help.
2. Schizophrenia: Other antipsychotic medications, such as risperidone (Risperdal) or aripiprazole (Abilify), may be considered. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and psychosocial support can also be beneficial.
3. Anxiety: Alternatives include medications like buspirone (Buspar) or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as sertraline (Zoloft). Relaxation techniques, mindfulness, and therapy can also help manage anxiety.
4. Psychosis: Other antipsychotic medications, such as quetiapine (Seroquel) or olanzapine (Zyprexa), may be used. Psychotherapy and family support are also important components of treatment.
5. Motion Sickness: Alternatives include medications like dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) or meclizine (Antivert). Non-medication strategies, such as focusing on the horizon or using acupressure wristbands, may also help.
6. Tension Headaches: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen (Advil) or acetaminophen (Tylenol) may be effective. Stress management techniques, regular exercise, and proper posture can also reduce the frequency of tension headaches.
7. Vertigo: Medications like meclizine (Antivert) or diazepam (Valium) may help. Vestibular rehabilitation exercises can also be effective in managing vertigo.
8. Agitation: Alternatives include medications like lorazepam (Ativan) or haloperidol (Haldol). Behavioral therapy and environmental modifications can also reduce agitation.
9. Delirium: Treating the underlying cause of delirium is the most important step. In some cases, antipsychotic medications like haloperidol (Haldol) may be used. Ensuring a calm, well-lit environment can also help reduce symptoms.

Recent Updates on Prochlorperazine Research

Recent studies have explored Prochlorperazine’s use in treating nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy patients. Some research suggests that combining Prochlorperazine with other antiemetic medications, like ondansetron, may improve symptom control. Additionally, ongoing studies are investigating Prochlorperazine’s potential for managing vertigo and migraine-associated dizziness. As more research emerges, staying informed and discussing new findings with your healthcare provider is essential. Our telemedicine team is also available to provide up-to-date information and personalized recommendations.

James Kingsley

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