Medication Profile: Vancomycin

Summary or Key Points

Vancomycin is an antibiotic effective against severe infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, including MRSA and Clostridium difficile infections. Given orally or intravenously, it’s crucial to follow specific administration instructions and dosages. Though generally safe, it can cause side effects and interact with certain medications. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting this medication.

Names of Medication

Brand Name: Vancocin (Vancomycin)

The ‘generic name’ refers to the active ingredient in the medication. In this case, Vancomycin is the generic name and is indicated in parenthesis.

Pharmacologic Category

Vancomycin belongs to the group of medications known as glycopeptide antibiotics.

Dosing

Vancomycin is used to treat the following conditions:

• Severe Infections caused by Gram-positive Bacteria: Dosage is typically 15-20 mg/kg every 8-12 hours intravenously (IV) for 7 to 14 days, but may vary depending on the type and severity of the infection.
• MRSA Infections: Dosage usually is 15-20 mg/kg every 8-12 hours IV for 7 to 14 days.
• Clostridium difficile Infections: Dosage is usually 125-500 mg orally four times daily for 10 days.

Always consult your healthcare provider before adjusting your dose or if you are interested in a telemedicine consultation.

Dosage Forms and Strengths

Vancomycin comes in the following forms and strengths:

• Injection: 500 mg, 750 mg, and 1 g vials
• Capsules: 125 mg and 250 mg

Administration Instructions

Vancomycin should be taken exactly as directed by your healthcare provider. Intravenous doses should be administered over at least 60 minutes to avoid rapid-infusion-related reactions. Oral doses can be taken with or without food.

Adverse Reactions and Side Effects

While most people tolerate Vancomycin well, side effects can occur. These include:

• Nausea and vomiting: Occurs occasionally. If severe, contact your healthcare provider.
• Redness or itching at the injection site: Can occur after IV administration.
• Rarely, kidney problems and hearing loss: Can occur with high doses or prolonged use.

Contraindications

A contraindication is a condition that serves as a reason not to take a particular medication. For Vancomycin, contraindications include:

• Known hypersensitivity to Vancomycin: The drug can cause serious allergic reactions in some individuals.

Drug to Drug Interactions (contd.)

Vancomycin may interact with the following medications:

• Gentamicin (Garamycin)
• Neomycin (Neo-Fradin)
• Metformin (Glucophage)
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Vancomycin in Pregnancy

Vancomycin should only be used during pregnancy if clearly needed, as it crosses the placenta. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or continuing this medication during pregnancy.

Vancomycin while Breastfeeding

Small amounts of Vancomycin can pass into breast milk, and its effects on a nursing infant are unknown. Always consult your healthcare provider before taking this medication while breastfeeding.

Estimated Cost of Medication

The estimated cost of a 30-day supply of Vancomycin, without insurance, using a GoodRx coupon is approximately $100-$200 for oral capsules, depending on the dosage. Costs may vary based on location and pharmacy.

Possible Alternatives

Always discuss any potential alternatives with your healthcare provider before making changes to your treatment plan. Possible alternatives can include:

• Severe Infections caused by Gram-positive Bacteria: Daptomycin, Linezolid
• MRSA Infections: Daptomycin, Linezolid
• Clostridium difficile Infections: Metronidazole, Fidaxomicin

Remember, our providers are available for a telemedicine consultation to discuss your treatment options.

Recent Updates on Vancomycin Research

New research is ongoing to determine the effectiveness of Vancomycin in treating infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Recent studies have focused on potential resistance to Vancomycin in Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and on refining dosage recommendations to optimize patient outcomes.

Brief Legal Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and not intended as medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment. Reliance on the information provided here is at your own risk.