Ceftazidime/Avibactam: Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Antibiotic Guide

Summary of Key Points

Ceftazidime/avibactam is a combination antibiotic used to treat serious bacterial infections, including complicated urinary tract infections, intra-abdominal infections, and certain types of pneumonia. It works by inhibiting bacterial growth and is often reserved for infections that are resistant to other antibiotics. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting or adjusting your dose. You can easily schedule a telemedicine appointment with us for personalized care.

Names of Medication

US Brand Name: Avycaz

Generic Name: Ceftazidime/avibactam

The generic name refers to the chemical composition of the medication, while the brand name is assigned by the manufacturer. In this article, the generic name is listed in parentheses.

Pharmacologic Category

Avibactam: Beta-lactamase Inhibitor

Ceftazidime: Third-generation Cephalosporin

Ceftazidime/Avibactam Dosing Guidelines

Ceftazidime/avibactam is prescribed for various serious bacterial infections. The dosage may vary depending on the specific condition being treated. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and never adjust your dose without consulting a doctor. You can schedule a telemedicine visit with us to discuss your treatment plan.

1. Complicated Urinary Tract Infections (cUTI): 2.5 g (2 g ceftazidime and 0.5 g avibactam) every 8 hours for 5 to 14 days.
2. Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections (cIAI): 2.5 g every 8 hours for 5 to 14 days, often combined with metronidazole.
3. Hospital-acquired Pneumonia (HAP) and Ventilator-associated Pneumonia (VAP): 2.5 g every 8 hours for 7 to 14 days.
4. Bloodstream Infections (Bacteremia): 2.5 g every 8 hours for 7 to 14 days, depending on the severity of the infection.
5. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: 2.5 g every 8 hours for 7 to 14 days.
6. Cystitis: 2.5 g every 8 hours for 5 to 14 days.
7. Pyelonephritis: 2.5 g every 8 hours for 5 to 14 days.
8. Septicemia: 2.5 g every 8 hours for 7 to 14 days.

Dosage Forms and Strengths

Injection: 2.5 g (2 g ceftazidime and 0.5 g avibactam) per vial

Administration Instructions for Ceftazidime/Avibactam

Ceftazidime/avibactam is administered through intravenous (IV) infusion, typically over a period of 2 hours. It is usually given in a hospital or clinical setting under the supervision of healthcare professionals. If you are receiving this medication at home, your healthcare provider will give you detailed instructions. Be sure to follow these instructions carefully and contact your provider if you have any questions or concerns.

Ceftazidime/Avibactam Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

Like all medications, ceftazidime/avibactam may cause side effects. Some are more common, while others are rare but potentially serious. If you experience any side effects, contact your healthcare provider. You can also schedule a telemedicine appointment with us to discuss your symptoms.

Common Side Effects

1. Nausea: A feeling of sickness in the stomach.
2. Diarrhea: Loose or watery stools.
3. Headache: Mild to moderate pain in the head.

Serious Side Effects (Rare)

1. Allergic Reactions: Symptoms may include rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing.
2. Seizures: Uncontrolled shaking or convulsions, particularly in patients with kidney problems.
3. Clostridium difficile-associated Diarrhea (C. diff): Severe diarrhea that may occur during or after treatment.

Contraindications for Ceftazidime/Avibactam

A contraindication is a specific condition where a medication should not be used due to potential harm. It’s important to be aware of any contraindications before starting a new medication. Below are the contraindications for Ceftazidime/Avibactam:

1. Allergy to ceftazidime, avibactam, or other beta-lactam antibiotics: If you have a known allergy to any of these, taking Ceftazidime/Avibactam could trigger a severe allergic reaction, including life-threatening anaphylaxis.
2. Severe renal impairment: Patients with significant kidney problems may not be able to clear the drug effectively, leading to a buildup and increased risk of toxicity.
3. History of seizures: Ceftazidime, one of the components of this medication, has been associated with an increased risk of seizures, particularly in patients with a history of seizures or kidney issues.

If you have any of these conditions, discuss them with your healthcare provider before starting Ceftazidime/Avibactam. Our telemedicine providers are available to help determine if this medication is safe for you.

Drug Interactions with Ceftazidime/Avibactam

Drug interactions can affect how medications work or increase the risk of serious side effects. It’s important to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking. Below are some drugs that may interact with Ceftazidime/Avibactam:

1. Probenecid (Probalan): Probenecid can interfere with the excretion of Ceftazidime/Avibactam, leading to higher drug levels and an increased risk of side effects.
2. Aminoglycosides (e.g., Gentamicin, Tobramycin): When used in combination with Ceftazidime/Avibactam, these antibiotics may increase the risk of kidney damage.
3. Loop diuretics (e.g., Furosemide, Lasix): These medications can also heighten the risk of kidney damage when taken with Ceftazidime/Avibactam.

Always inform your healthcare provider about any other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal supplements. If you have concerns about potential drug interactions, our telemedicine providers can review your medication list and offer guidance.

Ceftazidime/Avibactam in Pregnancy

Is it safe to take Ceftazidime/Avibactam during pregnancy?

The safety of Ceftazidime/Avibactam during pregnancy has not been extensively studied. While animal studies have not shown harm to the fetus, there is a lack of sufficient research in pregnant women. As a result, Ceftazidime/Avibactam should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefits clearly outweigh the risks. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, it is crucial to discuss this with your healthcare provider. Our telemedicine team is available to help you carefully weigh the risks and benefits of using this antibiotic treatment during pregnancy.

Ceftazidime/Avibactam while Breastfeeding

Is it safe to take Ceftazidime/Avibactam while breastfeeding?

It is currently unknown whether Ceftazidime/Avibactam passes into breast milk. Since many medications can be excreted in breast milk and may pose risks to a nursing infant, caution is advised when considering this treatment while breastfeeding. If you are breastfeeding, it is important to consult your healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate course of action. Our telemedicine providers can assist you in making an informed decision based on your unique situation.

Estimated Cost of Ceftazidime/Avibactam

The cost of a 30-day supply of Ceftazidime/Avibactam without insurance typically ranges from $1,500 to $2,000 when using a GoodRx coupon. Prices may vary depending on the pharmacy and location. Be sure to check with your pharmacy for the most accurate pricing, and consider using a coupon or discount program to help lower the cost of this antibiotic treatment.

Possible Alternatives to Ceftazidime/Avibactam

Depending on the condition being treated, alternative treatments or lifestyle changes may be available. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan. Below are some alternatives for conditions commonly treated with Ceftazidime/Avibactam:

1. Complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs): Alternatives may include antibiotics such as Ciprofloxacin or Levofloxacin. Staying well-hydrated and practicing good hygiene can help prevent UTIs.
2. Complicated intra-abdominal infections: Other antibiotics, such as Piperacillin/Tazobactam or Meropenem, may be considered. In some cases, surgical intervention or drainage may be necessary.
3. Hospital-acquired pneumonia: Alternatives include antibiotics like Vancomycin or Linezolid. Preventive measures, such as frequent handwashing and maintaining good hygiene in hospital settings, can help reduce the risk of infection.
4. Ventilator-associated pneumonia: Treatment may involve antibiotics such as Meropenem or Linezolid. Proper ventilator care and hygiene practices are essential to minimizing the risk of infection.
5. Bloodstream infections (Bacteremia): Alternatives include antibiotics like Vancomycin or Daptomycin. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are critical for managing bloodstream infections effectively.
6. Skin and soft tissue infections: Alternatives may include Clindamycin or Doxycycline. Keeping wounds clean and properly covered can help prevent infections.
7. Cystitis: Alternatives include Nitrofurantoin or Fosfomycin. Drinking plenty of fluids and urinating frequently can help flush bacteria from the bladder.
8. Pyelonephritis: Alternatives include Ciprofloxacin or Levofloxacin. Staying hydrated and seeking timely treatment for UTIs can help prevent pyelonephritis.
9. Septicemia: Treatment may include antibiotics such as Vancomycin or Meropenem. Early intervention is key to managing septicemia effectively.

Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan. Our telemedicine providers are available to discuss these options with you and help you find the most suitable treatment for your condition.

Recent Updates on Ceftazidime/Avibactam Research

Recent studies have demonstrated that Ceftazidime/Avibactam is effective against a broad range of multidrug-resistant bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). Ongoing research is exploring the use of this antibiotic treatment in combination with other antibiotics to combat even more resistant infections. Additionally, studies are being conducted to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of Ceftazidime/Avibactam in various patient populations, including those with weakened immune systems.

As new research continues to emerge, staying informed about the latest developments is important. Our telemedicine providers can help you understand how these updates may impact your treatment plan.

James Kingsley

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