Metoclopramide: A Comprehensive Medication Profile

Summary or Key Points

Metoclopramide is a medication primarily used to treat gastrointestinal disorders such as gastroparesis and GERD, as well as nausea and vomiting related to chemotherapy or surgery. As with all medications, consult with a healthcare provider before starting, and be aware of potential side effects. Our telemedicine providers are always available for consultation.

Names of Medication

US Brand Name: Reglan (Metoclopramide)

The ‘generic name’ is the official medical name for the active ingredient in the medicine. In this case, Metoclopramide is the generic name, shown in parentheses.

Pharmacologic Category

Metoclopramide belongs to the class of medications known as prokinetic agents. Other drugs in this category include Domperidone and Erythromycin.

Dosing

Always consult your doctor before adjusting your medication dosage. For immediate assistance, consider our readily available telemedicine services.

• Gastroparesis:

  Typically, 10 mg four times daily, 30 minutes before meals and at bedtime, for 2 to 8 weeks.

• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD):

  Generally, 10 to 15 mg up to four times daily, 30 minutes before meals and at bedtime, for up to 12 weeks.

• Nausea and Vomiting related to chemotherapy or surgery:

  Commonly, 10 to 20 mg administered 30 minutes before the start of chemotherapy, repeated every 2 to 4 hours as needed, up to 5 doses.

Dosage Forms and Strengths

Metoclopramide is available in the following forms and strengths:

• Oral tablet: 5 mg, 10 mg
• Oral solution: 5 mg/5 mL
• Injectable solution: 5 mg/mL

Administration Instructions

Adverse Reactions and Side Effects

Side effects of Metoclopramide can vary in frequency and severity. Consult your healthcare provider immediately if you experience any adverse reactions. Our telemedicine services are available for immediate assistance.

• Common:

  Fatigue, restlessness, drowsiness, and insomnia.

• Less common:

  Depression, hypertension, or allergic reactions.

• Rare:

  Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (severe movement disorder), tardive dyskinesia (involuntary movements of the face and body), or methemoglobinemia (a blood disorder).

Contraindications

A contraindication is a condition or factor that serves as a reason to withhold a certain medical treatment due to the potential harm that it could cause the patient. Metoclopramide is contraindicated in the following situations:

• Pheochromocytoma: Metoclopramide may cause a dangerous increase in blood pressure in people with this adrenal gland tumor.
• Gastrointestinal obstruction, perforation, or hemorrhage: Since Metoclopramide increases gastrointestinal motility, it could cause harm in these conditions.
• Epilepsy: Metoclopramide may increase the frequency and severity of seizures.
• Hypersensitivity: People who have previously had allergic reactions to Metoclopramide should avoid this medication.

Drug to Drug Interactions

Interactions between Metoclopramide and other medications can impact the effectiveness of treatment or increase the risk of side effects. Here are some key interactions:

• Tegretol (Carbamazepine)
• Parkinson’s medications like Sinemet (Carbidopa/Levodopa)
• Antipsychotics such as Thorazine (Chlorpromazine)

Metoclopramide in Pregnancy

Metoclopramide is classified as Pregnancy Category B, meaning animal studies have not shown a risk to the fetus, but there are no adequate studies in pregnant women. Always consult your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.

Metoclopramide while Breastfeeding

Metoclopramide does pass into breast milk, but it is generally considered safe for use during breastfeeding. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice.

Estimated Cost of Medication

A 30-day supply of Metoclopramide, without insurance, costs approximately $10-$20 with a GoodRX coupon.

Possible Alternatives

Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan. You can discuss these potential alternatives:

• Gastroparesis: Dietary changes, other medications such as Domperidone, or surgical treatment in severe cases.
• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Lifestyle modifications, antacids, H2 blockers, or proton pump inhibitors.
• Nausea and Vomiting related to chemotherapy or surgery: Other antiemetic medications, acupuncture, or hypnosis.

Recent Updates on Metoclopramide Research

Recent studies suggest Metoclopramide may also be beneficial in the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting. It is also being researched for potential uses in migraine treatment. As research continues, more uses for Metoclopramide may be discovered.

Brief Legal Disclaimer

This article is for informational purposes only and not intended as medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment. Reliance on the information provided here is at your own risk.
Brief Legal Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and not intended as medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment. Reliance on the information provided here is at your own risk.