Alfacalcidol Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, and Benefits Explained

Summary of Key Points

Alfacalcidol is a form of vitamin D used to treat conditions related to low calcium levels and bone disorders. It plays a crucial role in regulating calcium and phosphate levels in the body, which is essential for maintaining strong, healthy bones. Alfacalcidol is commonly prescribed for conditions such as osteoporosis, chronic kidney disease, and vitamin D deficiency. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or adjusting your dose to ensure safe and effective treatment.

Names of Medication

US Brand Name: One-Alpha

Generic Name: Alfacalcidol

The generic name refers to the active ingredient in the medication and is typically listed in parentheses next to the brand name.

Pharmacologic Category

Vitamin D Analog

Calcium Regulator

Alfacalcidol Dosage

Alfacalcidol is prescribed to manage various conditions related to bone health and calcium regulation. The dosage will vary depending on the specific condition being treated. It is important to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions closely and consult them before making any changes to your dose. For personalized guidance, you can also schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers.

1. Osteoporosis: The typical dose ranges from 1 mcg to 2 mcg once daily. The duration of treatment may vary based on your condition and response to therapy.
2. Osteomalacia: 1 mcg to 3 mcg once daily. The length of treatment depends on the severity of the condition.
3. Renal Osteodystrophy (bone disease due to chronic kidney disease): 0.5 mcg to 2 mcg daily. The dose may be adjusted based on your calcium levels.
4. Hypoparathyroidism: 1 mcg to 3 mcg daily. The dose may be adjusted according to your calcium and phosphate levels.
5. Rickets: 0.5 mcg to 2 mcg daily. The duration of treatment depends on the underlying cause of rickets.
6. Vitamin D Deficiency: 0.5 mcg to 1 mcg daily. The length of treatment varies based on the severity of the deficiency.
7. Paget’s Disease: 1 mcg to 2 mcg daily. Treatment may continue long-term depending on your response.
8. Chronic Kidney Disease: 0.5 mcg to 2 mcg daily. The dose may be adjusted based on your calcium and phosphate levels.
9. Hyperparathyroidism: 0.5 mcg to 2 mcg daily. The dose may be adjusted based on lab results and symptoms.
10. Bone Pain: 1 mcg to 3 mcg daily. The duration of treatment depends on the underlying cause of the pain.

Dosage Forms and Strengths

Alfacalcidol is available in the following forms and strengths:

1. Capsules: 0.25 mcg, 0.5 mcg, 1 mcg
2. Oral Drops: 2 mcg/mL
3. Injection: 2 mcg/mL

How to Take Alfacalcidol

Take Alfacalcidol exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. It can be taken with or without food. If you are using oral drops, be sure to measure the dose carefully using the provided dropper. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is close to the time of your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. For personalized instructions, consider scheduling a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers.

Alfacalcidol Side Effects

Like all medications, Alfacalcidol may cause side effects. Some are more common, while others are rare but potentially serious. If you experience any side effects, contact your healthcare provider promptly.

Common Side Effects

1. Hypercalcemia: Elevated calcium levels, which may lead to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and fatigue.
2. Headache: Mild to moderate headaches may occur.
3. Abdominal Pain: Some patients report stomach discomfort.

Less Common Side Effects

1. Skin Rash: Some individuals may develop a rash or experience itchy skin.
2. Constipation: Difficulty with bowel movements may occur.

Serious Side Effects (Rare)

1. Kidney Stones: High calcium levels can lead to the formation of kidney stones, which may cause severe pain in the back or side.
2. Severe Hypercalcemia: Extremely high calcium levels can result in confusion, irregular heartbeats, or even loss of consciousness.

Contraindications for Alfacalcidol

A contraindication is a specific situation or condition where a medication should not be used because it may cause harm. Before starting any new medication, it’s important to understand if you have any conditions or are taking other medications that might make it unsafe for you to take the drug.

Alfacalcidol is contraindicated in the following situations:

1. Hypercalcemia (high calcium levels in the blood): Alfacalcidol increases calcium levels. Taking it when you already have elevated calcium can lead to dangerous complications, such as kidney stones or heart issues.
2. Hypersensitivity to Alfacalcidol: If you have a known allergy or sensitivity to Alfacalcidol or any of its ingredients, taking this medication could trigger an allergic reaction, ranging from mild (such as a rash) to severe (such as anaphylaxis).
3. Vitamin D toxicity: If you already have excessive Vitamin D in your system, taking Alfacalcidol can worsen this condition, leading to dangerously high calcium levels and other health complications.
4. Severe renal impairment without monitoring: Alfacalcidol is often used in patients with kidney issues, but in severe cases, it must be carefully monitored to avoid complications like hypercalcemia.

Drug to Drug Interactions

Alfacalcidol can interact with other medications, potentially altering its effectiveness or increasing the likelihood of side effects. It’s important to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are currently taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.

Some medications that may interact with Alfacalcidol include:

1. Thiazide diuretics (e.g., Hydrochlorothiazide): These can elevate calcium levels in the blood, increasing the risk of hypercalcemia when used alongside Alfacalcidol.
2. Calcium supplements (e.g., Caltrate): Taking these with Alfacalcidol may further raise calcium levels, potentially leading to complications.
3. Magnesium-containing antacids (e.g., Maalox): These can increase magnesium levels, which may be harmful, especially for individuals with kidney problems.
4. Digoxin (e.g., Lanoxin): Alfacalcidol can raise calcium levels, which may heighten the risk of digoxin toxicity and lead to heart rhythm disturbances.
5. Phenytoin (e.g., Dilantin) and Barbiturates (e.g., Phenobarbital): These medications may reduce the effectiveness of Alfacalcidol by speeding up its breakdown in the liver.

Alfacalcidol in Pregnancy

Is it safe to take Alfacalcidol during pregnancy?

There is limited information on the safety of Alfacalcidol during pregnancy. It should only be used if the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Elevated calcium levels during pregnancy can affect both the mother and the baby. It’s essential to discuss the risks and benefits with your healthcare provider. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, consult one of our telemedicine providers to determine if Alfacalcidol is appropriate for you.

Alfacalcidol while Breastfeeding

Is it safe to take Alfacalcidol while breastfeeding?

Alfacalcidol can pass into breast milk and may influence calcium levels in the nursing infant. If you are breastfeeding, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider before taking Alfacalcidol. They will help assess the potential benefits and risks for both you and your baby. Our telemedicine providers are available to assist you in making an informed decision about your treatment plan.

Estimated Cost of Alfacalcidol Medication

The cost of a 30-day supply of Alfacalcidol without insurance can vary depending on the dosage and the pharmacy. With a GoodRX coupon, the estimated cost for a 30-day supply ranges from $20 to $40. Prices may differ, so it’s a good idea to check with your local pharmacy or use a prescription discount service.

Possible Alternatives to Alfacalcidol

If Alfacalcidol is not suitable for you, there are alternative treatments and lifestyle changes that may help manage your condition. Always discuss these options with your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan. Our telemedicine providers are available to guide you through your options.

1. Osteoporosis: Alternatives include bisphosphonates (e.g., Alendronate), hormone replacement therapy, and lifestyle changes such as weight-bearing exercises and a diet rich in calcium and Vitamin D.
2. Osteomalacia: Vitamin D supplements (e.g., Cholecalciferol) and calcium supplements may be recommended. Sunlight exposure can also naturally boost Vitamin D levels.
3. Renal osteodystrophy: Phosphate binders and dietary phosphate restriction may be used. Dialysis patients may benefit from medications that help regulate parathyroid hormone levels.
4. Hypoparathyroidism: Calcium supplements and active forms of Vitamin D (e.g., Calcitriol) are common alternatives. Regular monitoring of calcium levels is essential.
5. Rickets: Vitamin D supplements and calcium-rich foods are often recommended. Sunlight exposure may also help improve Vitamin D levels.
6. Vitamin D deficiency: Over-the-counter Vitamin D supplements (e.g., Cholecalciferol) and increased sunlight exposure are common alternatives.
7. Paget’s disease: Bisphosphonates (e.g., Zoledronic acid) and calcitonin may be used to manage bone turnover and alleviate pain.
8. Chronic kidney disease: Phosphate binders and dietary changes may help manage calcium and phosphate levels. In some cases, dialysis may be necessary.
9. Hyperparathyroidism: Surgery to remove the overactive parathyroid gland may be an option. Medications like Cinacalcet can also help regulate calcium levels.
10. Bone pain: Pain management strategies, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or physical therapy, may provide relief. Treating the underlying cause of bone pain is also crucial for long-term improvement.

Recent Updates on Alfacalcidol Research

Recent studies have explored Alfacalcidol’s role in supporting bone health, particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease. Research suggests that Alfacalcidol may reduce the risk of fractures by improving bone mineral density in these individuals. Ongoing studies are also investigating its potential benefits in managing secondary hyperparathyroidism and reducing cardiovascular risks in kidney disease patients. As research continues to evolve, staying informed is important. Discuss any new findings with your healthcare provider. Our telemedicine providers can help you stay updated on the latest treatment options and research developments.

James Kingsley

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