Abatacept Medication: Uses, Dosage, and Side Effects Explained

Summary of Key Points

Abatacept is a prescription medication used to treat autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and psoriatic arthritis. It works by targeting specific immune cells to reduce inflammation and prevent joint damage. Abatacept is available in both injectable and intravenous forms. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or adjusting your treatment. You can also schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers for personalized care.

Names of Medication

US Brand Name: Orencia

Generic Name: Abatacept

The generic name refers to the active ingredient, while the brand name is how the drug is marketed. In this case, “Abatacept” is the generic name.

Pharmacologic Category

Selective T-cell costimulation modulator

Abatacept belongs to a class of medications that modulate immune system activity by interfering with T-cell activation, which plays a crucial role in autoimmune diseases.

Abatacept Dosage

Abatacept is used to treat various autoimmune conditions, and the dosage depends on the specific condition being treated. Always consult your healthcare provider before adjusting your dose. You can also schedule a telemedicine visit with one of our providers for guidance.

Rheumatoid Arthritis (Adults)

Intravenous (IV): The initial dose is based on body weight (500 mg for patients under 60 kg, 750 mg for 60-100 kg, and 1000 mg for over 100 kg), followed by doses at 2 and 4 weeks, then every 4 weeks.

Subcutaneous (Injection): 125 mg once weekly.

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (Adults)

Intravenous (IV): The initial dose is based on body weight (10 mg/kg), followed by doses at 2 and 4 weeks, then every 4 weeks.

Subcutaneous (Injection): 125 mg once weekly.

Psoriatic Arthritis (Adults)

Intravenous (IV): The initial dose is based on body weight (500 mg for patients under 60 kg, 750 mg for 60-100 kg, and 1000 mg for over 100 kg), followed by doses at 2 and 4 weeks, then every 4 weeks.

Subcutaneous (Injection): 125 mg once weekly.

Ankylosing Spondylitis (Adults)

Subcutaneous (Injection): 125 mg once weekly.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Adults)

Subcutaneous (Injection): 125 mg once weekly.

Graft-Versus-Host Disease (Adults)

Intravenous (IV): 10 mg/kg, administered on days 1, 5, 14, and 28 post-transplant.

Multiple Sclerosis (Adults)

Subcutaneous (Injection): 125 mg once weekly.

Crohn’s Disease (Adults)

Subcutaneous (Injection): 125 mg once weekly.

Ulcerative Colitis (Adults)

Subcutaneous (Injection): 125 mg once weekly.

Dermatomyositis (Adults)

Subcutaneous (Injection): 125 mg once weekly.

Dosage Forms and Strengths

Intravenous (IV) Solution: 250 mg per vial

Subcutaneous Injection: 125 mg/mL in a prefilled syringe or autoinjector

Administration Instructions for Abatacept

Abatacept can be administered as an intravenous infusion or a subcutaneous injection. If using the subcutaneous form, your healthcare provider will instruct you on how to inject it at home. Always follow the instructions provided by your doctor or pharmacist. If you miss a dose, contact your healthcare provider for advice. Never adjust your dose without consulting a healthcare professional. You can schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers for further guidance.

Abatacept Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

Like all medications, Abatacept may cause side effects. Not everyone will experience them, but it’s important to be aware of potential reactions. If you experience any severe side effects, contact your healthcare provider immediately.

Common Side Effects (1-10%): Headache, nausea, upper respiratory infections, and sore throat.

Less Common Side Effects (0.1-1%): Dizziness, high blood pressure, and rash.

Rare Side Effects (<0.1%): Serious infections, allergic reactions, and liver problems.

If you notice any unusual symptoms or side effects, consult your healthcare provider right away. You can also schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers to discuss your symptoms and treatment options.

Contraindications for Abatacept

A contraindication is a specific situation where a medication should not be used because it may cause harm. For Abatacept, certain conditions could make taking the medication dangerous. Below are the main contraindications for Abatacept:

Severe infections: If you have a serious infection, such as sepsis or tuberculosis (TB), Abatacept can further weaken your immune system, making it harder to fight off the infection.

Hypersensitivity to Abatacept: If you’ve had an allergic reaction to Abatacept in the past, taking it again could cause a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction.

Live vaccines: If you’ve recently received a live vaccine or plan to, Abatacept can reduce the vaccine’s effectiveness and increase your risk of infection.

Drug to Drug Interactions

Certain medications may interact with Abatacept, potentially increasing side effects or reducing the effectiveness of one or both drugs. It’s important to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are currently taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements. Below are some common medications that may interact with Abatacept:

1. TNF inhibitors (e.g., Enbrel [etanercept], Humira [adalimumab]): Using these drugs alongside Abatacept can significantly increase the risk of serious infections.
2. Other biologics (e.g., Rituxan [rituximab], Orencia [abatacept]): Combining biologic therapies can heighten the risk of infections and other adverse effects.
3. Immunosuppressants (e.g., Imuran [azathioprine], CellCept [mycophenolate]): These medications suppress the immune system, and taking them with Abatacept may further weaken your immune response, increasing the likelihood of infections.

Abatacept in Pregnancy

Is it Safe to Take Abatacept During Pregnancy?

There is limited information regarding the safety of Abatacept during pregnancy. While animal studies have not shown harm to the fetus, there is insufficient research in pregnant women to confirm its safety. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, it’s essential to discuss the potential risks and benefits of continuing Abatacept with your healthcare provider. They can help you weigh the possible risks to your baby against the benefits of managing your condition effectively.

Abatacept While Breastfeeding

Is it Safe to Take Abatacept While Breastfeeding?

It is currently unknown whether Abatacept passes into breast milk. Due to the potential for serious side effects in a nursing infant, it is generally recommended to either discontinue breastfeeding or stop using the medication. Your healthcare provider can help you determine the best course of action for both you and your baby.

Estimated Cost of Abatacept Medication

The cost of a 30-day supply of Abatacept can vary depending on the dosage and form (e.g., injection or infusion). Without insurance, the estimated cost using a GoodRx coupon ranges from approximately $4,000 to $5,000 for a 30-day supply. Prices may differ based on the pharmacy and location, so it’s a good idea to check with your pharmacy for the most accurate pricing.

Possible Alternatives to Abatacept

If you are considering alternatives to Abatacept, there are other treatment options available depending on your condition. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment plan. Below are some alternatives for conditions commonly treated with Abatacept:

1. Rheumatoid arthritis: Other biologics such as Humira (adalimumab) or Enbrel (etanercept), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) like methotrexate, and lifestyle changes such as regular exercise and a balanced diet can help manage symptoms.
2. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Alternatives include Actemra (tocilizumab) or Humira (adalimumab). Physical therapy and a nutritious diet can also support symptom management.
3. Psoriatic arthritis: Medications like Cosentyx (secukinumab) or Stelara (ustekinumab) may be considered. Maintaining a healthy weight and engaging in regular exercise can help alleviate joint pain.
4. Ankylosing spondylitis: TNF inhibitors such as Humira (adalimumab) or Enbrel (etanercept) are alternatives. Physical therapy and posture exercises can improve mobility and reduce discomfort.
5. Systemic lupus erythematosus: Medications like Benlysta (belimumab) or hydroxychloroquine may be used. Sun protection and stress management are also important lifestyle adjustments.
6. Graft-versus-host disease: Immunosuppressants like CellCept (mycophenolate) or corticosteroids may be considered. Consult your healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate treatment plan.
7. Multiple sclerosis: Medications such as Ocrevus (ocrelizumab) or Gilenya (fingolimod) are alternatives. Physical therapy and a healthy diet can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
8. Crohn’s disease: Alternatives include Remicade (infliximab) or Humira (adalimumab). Dietary changes and stress management may also help control symptoms and reduce flare-ups.
9. Ulcerative colitis: Medications like Entyvio (vedolizumab) or Remicade (infliximab) are alternatives. A low-fiber diet may help minimize flare-ups and improve digestive health.
10. Dermatomyositis: Immunosuppressants such as methotrexate or corticosteroids may be used. Physical therapy and sun protection are important lifestyle modifications to consider.

Recent Updates on Abatacept Research

Recent studies on Abatacept have focused on its long-term safety and effectiveness, particularly in patients with autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Research indicates that Abatacept continues to be effective in reducing symptoms and slowing disease progression over time. Ongoing studies are also exploring the use of Abatacept in other conditions, such as multiple sclerosis and graft-versus-host disease, with promising early results. Stay informed about new research developments and discuss any updates with your healthcare provider. If you have questions about your treatment, you can schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers to explore your options.

James Kingsley

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