Metaproterenol: Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Safety Guidelines

Summary or Key Points

Metaproterenol is a bronchodilator commonly used to manage respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and bronchitis. It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways, making it easier to breathe. This medication is typically used for short-term relief of symptoms. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or adjusting your dosage. You can also schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers for personalized care.

Names of Medication

US Brand Name: Alupent (Metaproterenol)

The generic name refers to the active ingredient, while the brand name is assigned by the manufacturer. In this case, Metaproterenol is the generic name.

Pharmacologic Category

Beta-2 Adrenergic Agonist (Bronchodilator)

Other medications in this category include Albuterol, Levalbuterol, and Terbutaline.

Dosing

Metaproterenol is prescribed to treat various respiratory conditions. Below are the recommended doses for adults. Always consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your dosage, and consider scheduling a telemedicine visit with us for personalized advice.

Asthma

Oral Tablets: 20 mg three to four times daily.

Inhalation: 0.65 mg via nebulizer every 4 hours as needed.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Oral Tablets: 20 mg three to four times daily.

Inhalation: 0.65 mg via nebulizer every 4 hours as needed.

Bronchitis

Oral Tablets: 20 mg three to four times daily.

Inhalation: 0.65 mg via nebulizer every 4 hours as needed.

Emphysema

Oral Tablets: 20 mg three to four times daily.

Inhalation: 0.65 mg via nebulizer every 4 hours as needed.

Allergic Rhinitis

Oral Tablets: 20 mg three to four times daily.

Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm

Inhalation: 0.65 mg via nebulizer 15 minutes before exercise.

Cystic Fibrosis

Inhalation: 0.65 mg via nebulizer every 4 hours as needed.

Pneumonia

Inhalation: 0.65 mg via nebulizer every 4 hours as needed.

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Inhalation: 0.65 mg via nebulizer every 4 hours as needed.

Anaphylaxis (adjunct treatment)

Inhalation: 0.65 mg via nebulizer every 4 hours as needed.

Dosage Forms and Strengths

Oral Tablets: 10 mg, 20 mg

Inhalation Solution: 5% (0.65 mg per dose)

Administration Instructions

Metaproterenol can be taken orally in tablet form or inhaled using a nebulizer. When using the nebulizer, ensure the solution is properly prepared and follow your healthcare provider’s instructions carefully. It is essential to use this medication exactly as prescribed. Do not exceed the recommended dose, and always consult your doctor if your symptoms do not improve. You can also speak with one of our telemedicine providers for further guidance.

Adverse Reactions and Side Effects

Like all medications, Metaproterenol may cause side effects. Below are some potential reactions, categorized by frequency:

Common Side Effects

Tremors: Shaking of the hands or other parts of the body.

Nervousness: Feeling anxious or restless.

Increased Heart Rate (Tachycardia): A faster-than-normal heartbeat.

Less Common Side Effects

Dizziness: Feeling lightheaded or unsteady.

Headache: Mild to moderate pain in the head.

Nausea: Feeling sick to your stomach.

Rare Side Effects

Chest Pain: Discomfort or pain in the chest area.

Allergic Reaction: Rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.

If you experience severe side effects, such as chest pain or an allergic reaction, seek medical attention immediately. You can also consult one of our telemedicine providers for advice on managing side effects.

Contraindications

A contraindication is a specific condition where a medication should not be used because it may be harmful. If you have any of the following conditions, you should not take Metaproterenol unless advised by your healthcare provider:

Heart disease: Metaproterenol can increase heart rate and blood pressure, which may worsen conditions like coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, or heart failure.

Severe high blood pressure (hypertension): Since Metaproterenol can raise blood pressure, it may be dangerous for people with uncontrolled hypertension.

Overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism): This medication can stimulate the heart and nervous system, potentially worsening hyperthyroidism symptoms.

Seizure disorders: Metaproterenol may increase the risk of seizures in people with conditions like epilepsy.

Allergy to Metaproterenol or its components: If you have had an allergic reaction to Metaproterenol or any of its ingredients, you should avoid taking this medication.

If you have any of these conditions, consult your healthcare provider before starting Metaproterenol. You can schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers to discuss your options.

Drug to Drug Interactions

Metaproterenol can interact with other medications, increasing the risk of side effects or reducing treatment effectiveness. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements. Some medications that may interact with Metaproterenol include:

1. Beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol [Inderal], metoprolol [Lopressor]): These medications can block Metaproterenol’s effects, making it less effective in treating breathing problems.
2. Diuretics (e.g., furosemide [Lasix], hydrochlorothiazide [Microzide]): These medications can lower potassium levels, increasing the risk of Metaproterenol side effects.
3. MAO inhibitors (e.g., phenelzine [Nardil], tranylcypromine [Parnate]): Taking these with Metaproterenol can increase the risk of dangerous side effects, such as high blood pressure or rapid heart rate.
4. Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline [Elavil], nortriptyline [Pamelor]): These medications can also increase the risk of cardiovascular side effects when taken with Metaproterenol.

If you are taking any of these medications, talk to your healthcare provider about possible alternatives or adjustments to your treatment plan. You can book a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers to review your medications.

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Metaproterenol in Pregnancy

Is it safe to take Metaproterenol when pregnant?

There is limited data on the safety of Metaproterenol during pregnancy. While animal studies have shown some adverse effects, research in humans is insufficient to determine the full risks. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, it’s essential to discuss the potential benefits and risks of using Metaproterenol with your healthcare provider. In some cases, the benefits of managing asthma or other respiratory conditions may outweigh potential risks to the fetus. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or continuing any medication during pregnancy. You can schedule a telemedicine consultation with one of our providers to explore your options.

Metaproterenol While Breastfeeding

Is it safe to take Metaproterenol while breastfeeding?

There is not enough data to determine whether Metaproterenol passes into breast milk or if it could affect a nursing infant. If you are breastfeeding, it’s important to weigh the benefits of using Metaproterenol against any potential risks to your baby. Always consult your healthcare provider before taking any medication while breastfeeding. You can discuss your concerns with one of our telemedicine providers to determine the best course of action for you and your baby.

Estimated Cost of Metaproterenol

The estimated cost of a 30-day supply of Metaproterenol without insurance, using a GoodRX coupon, ranges from $20 to $40, depending on the pharmacy and dosage. Prices may vary, so it’s a good idea to check with your local pharmacy or use a coupon service like GoodRX to find the best price.

Possible Alternatives to Metaproterenol

If Metaproterenol is not suitable for you or if you are looking for alternative treatments, there are other options available for managing respiratory conditions. Always discuss any changes to your treatment plan with your healthcare provider before making adjustments. You can also consult one of our telemedicine providers to explore these alternatives.

Asthma

Alternatives include inhaled corticosteroids (e.g., fluticasone [Flovent]), long-acting beta-agonists (e.g., salmeterol [Serevent]), and lifestyle changes such as avoiding triggers and using air purifiers.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Alternatives include long-acting bronchodilators (e.g., tiotropium [Spiriva]), inhaled corticosteroids, and pulmonary rehabilitation exercises.

Bronchitis

Treatment may include antibiotics (if bacterial), cough suppressants, and increasing fluid intake to help thin mucus.

Emphysema

Treatments include bronchodilators, oxygen therapy, and quitting smoking to prevent further lung damage.

Allergic Rhinitis

Alternatives include antihistamines (e.g., loratadine [Claritin]), nasal corticosteroids (e.g., fluticasone [Flonase]), and avoiding allergens.

Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm

Alternatives include using a short-acting bronchodilator (e.g., albuterol [ProAir]) before exercise and incorporating a proper warm-up routine.

Cystic Fibrosis

Treatments include chest physiotherapy, inhaled antibiotics, and enzyme supplements to aid digestion.

Pneumonia

Treatment may include antibiotics (if bacterial), rest, fluids, and over-the-counter pain relievers.

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Treatment often involves oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation, and surfactant replacement therapy.

Anaphylaxis

Immediate treatment with epinephrine (EpiPen) is essential, followed by emergency medical care.

Recent Updates on Metaproterenol Research

Recent studies on Metaproterenol have focused on its long-term safety and effectiveness in treating chronic respiratory conditions like asthma and COPD. Some research suggests that while Metaproterenol is effective in the short term, long-term use may be associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular side effects, particularly in older adults. Ongoing studies are examining whether newer bronchodilators may offer improved safety profiles for long-term management of respiratory diseases.

As research continues, it’s important to stay informed about the latest findings. If you have concerns about the long-term use of Metaproterenol, consider scheduling a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers to discuss the most up-to-date treatment options for your condition.

James Kingsley

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