Cyproterone: Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Hormonal Therapy

Summary of Key Points

Cyproterone is a medication used to manage various hormone-related conditions, including acne, hirsutism (excessive hair growth), androgenetic alopecia (hair loss), and prostate cancer. It works by blocking the effects of male hormones (androgens) in the body. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or adjusting your dose. Our telemedicine providers are available to assist with managing your treatment.

Names of Medication

US Brand Name: Androcur (Cyproterone)

The generic name refers to the active ingredient in the medication, listed in parentheses after the brand name.

Pharmacologic Category

Antiandrogen

Progestin

Hormonal Antineoplastic Agent

Cyproterone Dosage

Cyproterone is prescribed for a variety of conditions, with the dosage tailored to the specific condition being treated. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and consult them before making any changes to your dose. You can also schedule a telemedicine appointment with one of our providers for personalized advice.

1. Acne: 50-100 mg daily, typically for several months. The duration of treatment may vary based on your response.
2. Hirsutism (excessive hair growth): 50-100 mg daily, usually for 6-12 months, depending on the severity of the condition.
3. Androgenetic alopecia (hair loss): 50-100 mg daily, often for several months. Treatment may continue based on individual response.
4. Prostate cancer: 100-200 mg two to three times daily. Treatment is generally long-term.
5. Endometriosis: 10-20 mg daily, typically for 6 months or as directed by your doctor.
6. Precocious puberty: 50-100 mg daily, adjusted based on response. The duration of treatment varies.
7. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): 50-100 mg daily, usually for several months. Treatment may be adjusted based on symptoms.
8. Menstrual disorders: 50-100 mg daily, typically for 3-6 months or as directed by your healthcare provider.
9. Hypersexuality: 50-200 mg daily, depending on response. The duration of treatment varies.
10. Gender dysphoria: 50-100 mg daily, often used as part of hormone therapy. Treatment is typically long-term.

Dosage Forms and Strengths

Cyproterone is available in the following forms:

1. Tablets: 50 mg, 100 mg
2. Injection: 300 mg/mL

Administration Instructions

Take Cyproterone exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. It is usually taken with or after food to help reduce stomach discomfort. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at once. Always consult your doctor or one of our telemedicine providers if you have any questions about how to take your medication.

Cyproterone Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

Like all medications, Cyproterone can cause side effects. Some are more common than others. If you experience any severe side effects, contact your healthcare provider immediately.

1. Common side effects: Fatigue, weight gain, mood changes, decreased libido, and breast tenderness.
2. Less common side effects: Liver dysfunction, shortness of breath, and leg swelling.
3. Rare but serious side effects: Blood clots, liver damage, and depression. Seek medical attention if you experience any of these symptoms.

Contraindications for Cyproterone

A contraindication is a specific situation or condition where a medication should not be used because it may cause harm. If you have any of the following conditions, Cyproterone may not be safe for you. Always consult with your healthcare provider before starting any new medication. Our telemedicine providers are available to help assess your risks.

1. Liver disease: Cyproterone is processed by the liver, and taking it with liver disease can worsen liver function or cause serious liver damage.
2. History of blood clots (thrombosis): Cyproterone can increase the risk of blood clots, so it is not recommended for individuals with a history of blood clots or those at high risk.
3. Severe depression: Cyproterone has been associated with mood changes and worsening depression in some patients. If you have a history of severe depression, this medication may not be safe for you.
4. Pregnancy or breastfeeding: Cyproterone can harm a developing fetus or pass into breast milk, potentially affecting a nursing baby. It is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding (more details below).
5. Severe diabetes: Cyproterone can affect blood sugar levels, making it risky for individuals with poorly controlled diabetes.
6. Severe heart disease: Cyproterone may increase the risk of heart-related complications, especially in those with pre-existing heart conditions.

Drug Interactions with Cyproterone

Cyproterone can interact with other medications, potentially affecting its effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. Be sure to inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements. Here are some common medications that may interact with Cyproterone:

1. Rifampin (Rifadin): This antibiotic can reduce the effectiveness of Cyproterone by speeding up its breakdown in the liver.
2. Phenytoin (Dilantin): This anti-seizure medication may decrease Cyproterone levels in your body, making it less effective.
3. St. John’s Wort: This herbal supplement can also reduce Cyproterone’s effectiveness by increasing its metabolism in the liver.
4. Warfarin (Coumadin): Cyproterone may increase the blood-thinning effects of warfarin, raising the risk of bleeding.
5. Spironolactone (Aldactone): Both Cyproterone and spironolactone can affect hormone levels, and taking them together may increase the risk of side effects like electrolyte imbalances.

Cyproterone in Pregnancy

Is it safe to take Cyproterone when pregnant?

No, Cyproterone is not safe during pregnancy. It can harm the developing fetus and may lead to birth defects. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, it is important to avoid taking Cyproterone. Should you become pregnant while using this medication, contact your healthcare provider immediately. Our telemedicine providers are available to help you explore safer alternatives.

Cyproterone While Breastfeeding

Is it safe to take Cyproterone while breastfeeding?

No, Cyproterone is not recommended during breastfeeding. The medication can pass into breast milk and may affect your baby’s development. If you are breastfeeding, consult your healthcare provider to discuss alternative treatments. You can also schedule a telemedicine consultation with one of our providers to explore your options.

Estimated Cost of Cyproterone

The estimated cost of a 30-day supply of Cyproterone without insurance ranges from $50 to $150, depending on the dosage and pharmacy. With a GoodRX coupon, this cost may decrease to around $30 to $80. For the most accurate pricing, check with your local pharmacy.

Possible Alternatives to Cyproterone

If Cyproterone is not suitable for you, there are other treatment options available depending on your condition. Always discuss any changes to your treatment plan with your healthcare provider. Our telemedicine team is also available to help you explore these alternatives.

Alternatives for Acne Treatment

Alternatives include oral contraceptives, spironolactone (Aldactone), or topical treatments such as benzoyl peroxide or retinoids. Lifestyle changes, including a balanced diet and proper skincare, can also help manage acne.

Alternatives for Hirsutism (Excessive Hair Growth)

Oral contraceptives, spironolactone, or eflornithine (Vaniqa) cream may be effective alternatives. Laser hair removal or electrolysis are also options to consider.

Alternatives for Androgenetic Alopecia (Hair Loss)

Common alternatives include minoxidil (Rogaine) or finasteride (Propecia). Hair transplant surgery or low-level laser therapy may also be considered, depending on the severity of hair loss.

Alternatives for Prostate Cancer

Other hormone therapies, such as leuprolide (Lupron) or goserelin (Zoladex), may be used. Depending on the stage of the cancer, radiation therapy or surgery may also be viable options.

Alternatives for Endometriosis

Hormonal treatments, such as oral contraceptives or GnRH agonists (e.g., leuprolide), may be alternatives. In some cases, surgery to remove endometrial tissue may be recommended.

Alternatives for Precocious Puberty

GnRH agonists like leuprolide (Lupron) are commonly used to delay early puberty. Your healthcare provider can help determine the most appropriate course of action based on your child’s specific needs.

Alternatives for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Oral contraceptives, metformin, or lifestyle changes such as weight loss and regular exercise may help manage PCOS symptoms effectively.

Alternatives for Menstrual Disorders

Hormonal contraceptives or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen can help regulate menstrual cycles and alleviate pain associated with menstrual disorders.

Alternatives for Hypersexuality

Behavioral therapy or medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may be considered as alternatives for managing hypersexuality.

Alternatives for Gender Dysphoria

Other hormone therapies, such as estradiol or testosterone blockers like spironolactone, may be part of gender-affirming treatment. Counseling and support groups can also provide valuable emotional and psychological support.

Recent Updates on Cyproterone Research

Recent studies have focused on the long-term safety of Cyproterone, particularly its association with an increased risk of meningioma, a type of brain tumor. Research suggests that high doses or prolonged use of Cyproterone may raise the risk of developing meningioma, especially in women. As a result, healthcare providers are advised to prescribe the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration possible. If you have concerns about the risks associated with Cyproterone, our telemedicine providers can help you reassess your treatment plan and discuss safer alternatives.

Additionally, ongoing research is exploring Cyproterone’s use in combination with other treatments for prostate cancer and its role in managing hypersexuality in men. These studies aim to optimize dosing and reduce side effects, making Cyproterone a safer option for a broader range of patients.

James Kingsley

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